Proper oral care after tooth extraction
To prevent unwanted consequences from occurring, it is important not to do the following:
- touch the wound with your tongue or use other foreign objects for this,
- rinse your mouth generously in the first two days,
- make sudden movements with the facial muscles,
- plunge into hot water or rinse with it,
- Hard to work,
- eat food in the first 3 hours that follow the procedure, it is permissible to drink, but refrain from boiling water.
- You should also abstain from cigarettes at this time,
- alcohol is contraindicated within 24 hours after surgery. If your doctor prescribes the use of antibiotics, you should not drink alcohol until the end of the course of therapy.
A cold compress will prevent swelling
Immediately after the manipulations, it is necessary to apply a cold compress, since after tooth extraction the cheek may swell.
To do this, take some chilled meat products or ice and apply it, after wrapping it in a cloth. Such actions will help to minimize or even eliminate swelling of the soft areas of the face that can form in the event of a serious intervention.
It is recommended to keep the ice for about 5 minutes, apply it 3-4 times, taking a break between applications. It is important to apply cold immediately after surgery, since further this action will not bring the desired effect. Under no circumstances should you use a warm compress or warm the tissue in any other way - thoughtless intervention can cause suppuration.
If your gums bleed after tooth extraction
You can stop bleeding in a number of effective ways. In most cases, this disease affects people with high blood pressure with hypertension or patients who have had a large vessel damaged.
It is worth noting that due to psychological overload and stress during activities, even in people with normal health, blood pressure may rise. The first step is to apply a tightly rolled piece of sterile bandage to the bleeding site, and then measure the patient’s blood pressure. If it is elevated, you need to resort to medications.
With increased blood pressure, the chance of hematoma and blood appearing after tooth extraction increases. This development of events is dangerous due to suppuration, which will then have to be opened, and bleeding can cause dizziness and weakness.
If bleeding appears several hours after removal, you should not wait for the situation to normalize, but seek medical help.
Diabetes mellitus during tooth extraction
If a person has this disease, it is recommended to measure their sugar levels immediately after surgery. Tension leads to the production of adrenaline, which can increase the rate. By measuring sugar, a person will know about his condition and will be able to prevent side effects.
If a gauze pad is placed on the gum
A gauze swab is placed on the hole if it is etching. In other situations, the use of this remedy is undesirable, as it can provoke inflammation. As the tissue is removed, the blood clot that has formed in the socket is also removed.
If the tissue lining is on the wound, it is necessary to carefully remove it after a certain period of time after removing the tooth. A tampon that has absorbed a certain amount of liquid automatically becomes a breeding ground for a wide range of bacteria. You should not keep it in your mouth for a long time to prevent the appearance of inflammatory processes in the hole that remains after tooth extraction.
Antiseptic rinses for suppurations
There is no need to rinse your mouth intensively; instead, use “baths”. In order not to disturb the damaged tissues, take a special anti-inflammatory solution into your mouth, keep it inside, and then spit it out.
Stages of tooth extraction under general anesthesia
Preparation
Questions about the choice of anesthetic and the method of its administration are resolved individually for each patient. To do this, the anesthesiologist will collect an anamnesis, inquire about the patient’s chronic diseases and refer him to diagnostic procedures (usually a blood test and an ECG). It is also necessary to consult with a neurologist, therapist and otolaryngologist in order to identify contraindications to the use of general anesthesia.
Operation
Literally one minute after the administration of the anesthetic by inhalation or intravenous route, the patient feels drowsy and gradually falls asleep. Within five minutes, his breathing stabilizes and his muscles relax. During a tooth extraction operation under general anesthesia, a qualified anesthesiologist is constantly with the patient, monitoring his vital signs: pulse, blood pressure, body temperature, skin tone, blood circulation and ventilation.
Coming out of anesthesia
The doctor calculates the dose of the anesthetic so that its effect ends 10 - 20 minutes after completion of all manipulations. The patient gradually wakes up, and after 60 - 90 minutes his state of health is completely stabilized. After this, he can go home, but for this he will need an accompanying person. In addition, after tooth extraction under general anesthesia, you should never drive!
When preparing for tooth extraction under anesthesia, be sure to inform your doctor about all medications you are currently taking. Six hours before surgery you should stop eating and stop smoking. Stop drinking any drinks, including plain water, at least four hours before surgery.
Baths should be carried out if:
- an incision was made to expose the gumboil;
- the tooth was removed due to inflammatory processes;
- there are harmful deposits on the teeth and caries;
- removal of the root of a tooth with caries
For procedures with baths, you can use an aqueous solution of chlorhexidine with a concentration of 0.05%. This drug is inexpensive, it can be purchased ready-made, it has excellent antiseptic effects, and tastes bitter. Such procedures must be carried out 3 times a day. The solution must be kept in the mouth for 1 minute.
What are the differences between the main types of pain relief?
Application anesthesia is a type of local anesthesia. The essence of this anesthesia is that instead of an injection, a special agent in the form of a gel or spray with an anesthetic is applied to the oral mucosa. Used for minor interventions. It is often used before general anesthesia, for example, in case of discomfort during professional oral hygiene. Duration of application anesthesia - no more than 30 minutes
Infiltration anesthesia is also a type of local anesthesia, the most commonly used type of anesthesia. The injection helps to minimize the sensitivity of a specific area in the oral cavity. The drug is injected into the gums or into the mucous membrane of the cheek, where one or more teeth requiring treatment are located. Action time is 3-4 hours.
Conduction anesthesia - used during complex surgery, is also a type of local anesthesia, the only difference is in the place of application. The drug is administered in close proximity to the nerve endings, the action time is up to 5-6 hours.
Sedation - this method of pain relief allows you to relieve the patient’s emotional stress, relieves fear and panic. Using a rotomer, a mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen enters the body. Inhaling vapors through the nose relaxes the patient, a feeling of calm sets in, and the state resembles drowsiness. The patient is conscious, sees everything, understands, but does not concentrate on the pain sensations, due to this they are dulled. Sedation is not anesthesia in the full sense of the word; it is used exclusively in combination with local anesthesia.
General anesthesia - the essence is the inhibition of the central nervous system, when the patient’s consciousness “turns off”. He does not feel pain, the muscles are completely relaxed, there is no stress and negative emotions. The anesthesiologist selects the appropriate type of anesthesia individually for each person, based on the general condition of the patient. Recovery from general anesthesia lasts about 4 hours.
It is worth noting once again that for such common procedures as wisdom tooth removal, treatment of deep caries, pulp removal, the infiltration method of anesthesia is most often chosen.
If your gums hurt after tooth extraction
Tooth extraction leads to damage to soft tissues, which contain a large number of nerves. The doctor performs the procedures under local anesthesia, so the patient feels discomfort only in one thing - the need to spend a certain amount of time with his mouth wide open.
When the analgesic effect ends and the tooth has already been removed, the pain returns. Usually they are of a “aching” nature and do not fundamentally interfere with normal life activities. But in some cases the pain can be intense.
If the tooth extraction was not caused by inflammatory processes, you can avoid the use of painkillers. If pain relief is necessary to avoid severe pain after tooth extraction, it is recommended to take an analgesic until the anesthetic wears off.
Using painkillers after tooth extraction
If you experience intense pain, you can resort to using “Ketans”; The medicine is dispensed by pharmacists in pharmacies only with a prescription - this is due to the presence of side effects. Severe pain can occur during complex and lengthy medical intervention, especially if it was accompanied by drilling of the bone around the tooth, or if the operation was performed poorly, unprofessionally and traumatically.
“Ketorol” (an analogue of “Ketanov”), “Analgin” (will help reduce mild pain syndrome), “Spazmalgon” (in addition to the analgesic effect has an antiseptic effect), “Baralgin” (a drug that contains “Analgin” in its composition).
Anesthesia for tooth extraction and treatment
Usually, people turn to the dentist when they can no longer bear the toothache. In this case, there is usually a significant increase in the severity of the problem compared to its initial stage, when the pain was tolerable and a visit to the doctor was postponed. This attitude is always fraught with complications of treatment. Modern dental anesthesia at the Sanation clinic has methods that can provide effective pain relief during the therapeutic procedure.
About the essence and types of anesthesia in dentistry
Dental anesthesia is a manipulation performed for the purpose of pain relief and eliminating the sensitivity of oral tissues during the treatment procedure. The use of dental anesthesia is necessary when removing a tooth (nerve), filling, installing a crown, surgical treatment of the jaw, or prosthetics.
There are several types of anesthesia: local, general and combined. The use of local anesthesia is targeted; it is intended to temporarily eliminate the sensitivity of the required area of the oral cavity during the treatment procedure. General anesthesia is rarely used in dentistry. To use it you definitely need strong motivation.
General anesthesia is used to achieve pain relief, put the patient to sleep, relax the muscular system, and ensure the elimination of control over reflexes. The entire body is under the influence of general anesthesia; the influence of local anesthesia is limited to the area where the anesthetic is administered. In dentistry, combined anesthesia is also used, which consists of a combination of general anesthesia with sedatives and local anesthesia.
About local anesthesia options
To relieve pain from simple procedures in dentistry, special anesthetic gels and sprays are used, which eliminate sensitivity of the gums for a short period of time. This method can be appropriate when removing falling baby teeth, tartar, and also if it is necessary to numb the injection to a patient who has increased sensitivity.
Freeze completely
the system of the problematic tooth and the necessary part of the gum are made possible by the so-called infiltration anesthesia, which is an injection of an anesthetic composition that minimizes the reactions of the receptors and allows for short complex operations.
Local anesthesia is contraindicated in diabetics, patients with kidney disease and certain other health conditions. Allergy sufferers should also be careful when choosing a pain reliever. The maximum duration of local anesthesia is about two hours. Therefore, during long-term dental operations, general anesthesia is used.
About the features of the use of general anesthesia
General anesthesia is used when surgical treatment of a large number of teeth is performed. The use of general anesthesia is also necessary if the patient is allergic to injectable drugs. In some patients, procedures performed in the dentist's office cause panic; in their case, general anesthesia is also appropriate. Determining the indications for the use of general anesthesia is carried out by two specialists: a dentist and an anesthesiologist. During the operation, the anesthesiologist monitors the effect of anesthesia on the patient's body.
The patient, under the influence of anesthesia, is in a state of medicinal sleep, in which several stages are noted:
- - Analgesia.
The patient's reflexes are preserved in an unconscious state. At this stage, the doctor can perform simple and low-traumatic actions; - — Stage of excitement.
It manifests itself in the stimulation of breathing, the activity of reflexes, increased muscle tone, and noticeable dilation of the pupils. It is a transitional stage to the deep sleep stage; - — Surgical stage.
The patient's breathing is smooth and deep. There are four types of anesthesia at the surgical stage: with the first two - light and superficial - you can, for example, put a filling or remove a wisdom tooth; the other two - full and super deep - are used for complex operations.
The type of anesthesia is selected by a specialist depending on the severity of the problem and the scope of surgical actions. Introducing the patient into a state of medicated sleep is achieved in two ways: intravenously or using a mask (using gas).
Contraindications to the use of general anesthesia
General anesthesia is contraindicated in patients:
- - having serious heart pathologies;
- - with bronchial asthma; - having impaired functioning of the endocrine glands;
- - under the influence of alcohol or drugs;
- - suffering from hormone-dependent diseases.
The patient can be under general anesthesia for no more than 3 hours. After three hours, the operation is interrupted so that, if necessary, it can be resumed after some time.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of general anesthesia?
The advantages of general anesthesia compared to local anesthesia include:
- - extended validity period. General anesthesia allows the doctor to perform an operation that requires a lot of time;
- — prescribed without restrictions to allergy sufferers, since it is hypoallergenic;
- — provides improved quality of the filling: under the influence of anesthesia, salivation decreases, and the filling material dries faster;
- - used in pediatric dentistry, in cases where the child behaves extremely restlessly in the doctor’s office.
The disadvantages of general anesthesia include the inability of an unconscious patient to move and respond to the doctor’s orders and requests, so the surgeon has to adapt to the position of the sleeping patient’s oral cavity. In addition, in the absence of pain reactions in the patient, the risk of medical error increases, and therefore the doctor’s responsibility also increases.
Anesthesia is harmful to the body to a certain extent, as it has a negative effect on brain cells. Sometimes, put into a state of medicated sleep, the patient comes to his senses, and sensitivity is restored, which is not life-threatening, but is fraught with psychological complications. Anesthesia has a serious impact on the functioning of the human body, and its use must have a strong medical justification.
Helpful information
Anesthesia Tooth extraction under general anesthesia Dental treatment under general anesthesia
Wisdom tooth removal
Wisdom teeth are the painter or chewing teeth located at the end. When chewing, they do not play a significant role; the structure is no different from ordinary teeth.
There are several generally accepted indications for removal:
- ingrowth of roots into the maxillary sinus,
- partial eruption
- facial neuralgia,
- inclined or lateral position,
- caries damage.
When removing a wisdom tooth, painkillers are used to relieve pain. Consequences after the operation may occur depending on the complexity of the operation, surrounding tissues, location, and access to the tooth.
Negative consequences may occur if the patient does not adhere to the doctor's orders. Baths of soda and herbal decoctions will also help alleviate the condition after removal. It is forbidden to rinse; it is important to preserve the blood clot, which protects the wound from infection.
What could be causing the pain?
If the pain after removing the figure eight does not subside within 5-7 days, but rather intensifies, this may indicate the following complication:
- Alveolitis
is an inflammation of the socket associated with the absence of a blood clot, poor hygiene, infection of the wound, or the presence of a bone fragment in the socket (if the tooth was extracted in parts). - Severe damage to the blood vessels
of the surrounding tissues - in addition to pain, there is a hematoma, swelling of the gums and cheeks. - Allergy
to anesthetic, hemostatic sponge (if it was used during the procedure).
As inflammation develops, pain is accompanied by an unpleasant odor, purulent discharge from the socket, the formation of gray plaque, enlarged lymph nodes, increased temperature, and deterioration in general well-being. In this case, you need to see a doctor immediately.
Aching jaw
When the jaw hurts after wisdom tooth removal, it is usually due to the fact that the surgeon put pressure on it to gain access to the molar. Or during the procedure, blood vessels, nerve endings, and ligaments of adjacent dental units were injured. These symptoms are quite normal, if there is no difficulty opening the mouth, there is no pronounced swelling of the gums or soft tissues of the face.
It hurts to swallow
After extraction of the lower 8, you may experience a sore throat or pain when swallowing. This symptom appears against the background of severe damage to soft tissues, with severe swelling of the gums, cheeks, or due to trauma to the trigeminal nerve. If the trigeminal nerve was affected during the operation, there is not only pain, which can radiate to the temple, ear, neck, but numbness on the face, in the area of the removed unit, and increased salivation. Also, a sore throat may occur if there is inflammation or purulent process around the affected molar. This symptom can last up to 2 weeks. To avoid complications, you should visit a neurologist or dentist.
Throbbing pain
If your gums ache after wisdom tooth removal, but the discomfort is quickly relieved with an analgesic and disappears after 2-3 days, this is evidence of normal healing. On the contrary, throbbing pain in the jaw or gums indicates possible inflammation, damage to blood vessels and nerves. With neuritis (damage to the jaw nerves), it can radiate to the neck, throat, temple, ear, eye. The pain increases, prevents you from falling asleep, and interferes with normal life - in this case, you need to immediately consult a dentist, this is a sign of inflammation.
In what cases is it necessary to remove the nerve of a tooth?
Removing the nerve from a tooth kills it. Almost no nutrients are supplied, causing it to become darker and weaker. During treatment, dentists try to keep the dental nerve alive, but sometimes they have to take forced measures to put the oral cavity in order.
Nerve removal is necessary if:
- Deep caries.
If the disease has destroyed almost the entire tooth, there is nothing to save; the main thing for the doctor is to prevent further destructive process.
- Prosthetics.
To install the prosthesis, an incision must be made in the pulp chamber. This is especially necessary in situations where teeth grow at an inclined angle.
- Incorrect treatment in the past.
This can happen if during treatment the doctor resorted to opening the pulp chamber. In this case, it is necessary to partially remove the nerve.
- Mechanical damage.
Injury can lead to chips in the enamel where the nerve is located. If the front teeth are damaged, the nerve is not completely removed.
Antibiotic therapy after removal of unhealthy teeth
Antibiotics are prescribed by the attending physician - dentist. Drugs are prescribed in case of difficult extraction, to prevent the risk of complications if the tooth was removed due to inflammatory processes.
The drug usually prescribed is Lincomycin 0.25. Take capsules after tooth extraction for 5 days, 2 capsules 3 times. If purulent inflammation is present, the antibiotic is prescribed as intramuscular injections.
Those who suffer from intestinal and stomach disorders can take antibiotics in effervescent forms, for example, Unidox Solutab and Flemoxin Solutab.
