Healing of peri-implant tissues during implantation into a post-extraction socket without additional augmentation (3534) - Implantology

Dental implantation is a complex procedure that requires intervention in the soft tissues of the oral cavity. To avoid all sorts of complications, it is very important to follow the dentist’s recommendations. Swelling and redness may be observed for several days after surgery, which is considered normal. If other unpleasant symptoms appear, you should consult a specialist to prevent rejection of the prosthesis and other pathological conditions.

Normal gum condition after implantation

Because the gums are exposed during surgery, your gums may appear inflamed in the first few days after surgery. The patient may experience the following symptoms:

bleeding;
pain;
hematoma.

If symptoms do not subside after a week, you should consult an implantologist.

The implant adaptation period can take from 2 to 6 months, depending on the complexity of the manipulation and the individual characteristics of the body. For example, artificial roots take root faster on the lower jaw than on the upper jaw.

What it is?

The gum former is a miniature titanium cylinder with a screw stem, identical in size to the future abutment. Thanks to the fine threads, the superstructure is securely attached to the implant. After installing the gum former, soft tissue begins to grow around it, forming an even, beautiful contour.

The former is often confused with the abutment. In fact, the functions of these elements are different:

An abutment
is an adapter between the root part of the implant and the prosthesis. It is needed for reliable fastening of the orthopedic structure to the titanium root; it is installed after the formative superstructure has completed its task of restoring the anatomical shape of the gums.
A former
is a temporary structure that is used to create a regular, even gingival contour around the implant.

The element can be installed immediately

after implantation of the implant into the jawbone, or
3-6 months
after surgery (when the artificial root fuses with the bone tissue).

Possible complications

In most cases, swelling, discomfort, and pain disappear 5-7 days after implantation. If after this time the symptoms do not disappear or increase, you should consult a specialist to rule out the following pathologies:

hyperplasia. Rapid proliferation of mucous membranes at the implantation site. Elimination will require partial removal of mucous tissue;
fistulas, purulent foci. A characteristic sign of such consequences may be white dotted plaque on the gums. Inflammation can result from infection during surgery, medical negligence, injury to the nasal sinuses, incorrect choice of implant, poor oral hygiene, and bad habits;
peri-implantitis. Beginning of prosthesis rejection. Bleeding, severe swelling, redness, pain, and numbness may indicate pathology. In this case, immediate treatment and curettage are required;
implant rejection. It is rarely recorded in dental practice. Characterized by the mobility of the installed rod. The cause of the violation may be physiological characteristics, doctor errors, chronic diseases in the acute phase, poor hygiene, and bad habits.

To minimize the risk of such conditions, you should follow your doctor's postoperative recommendations.

Dental implantation: healing time, features of care for the operated area.

The operation is not complicated, and the process itself, thanks to high-quality painkillers and modern techniques, is quick and painless. An implant is a titanium rod that is screwed directly into the bone. To do this, soft tissues are dissected, and upon completion of the procedure, to quickly heal them and engraft the artificial root, sutures are placed on the gums. It is during this period, which lasts no more than a couple of weeks, that the patient most acutely feels pain and discomfort. It can take from three to six months for the implant to completely fuse with the bone - everything is individual. It is also important to consider that the rate of tissue regeneration will be different for each person.

Healing after dental implantation depends on the patient’s compliance with all the dentist’s recommendations. To prevent the development of inflammation and complications, it is necessary to carefully monitor the wound. This is due to the fact that the operated area is vulnerable for 2-4 weeks due to bacteria.

In the first two weeks after surgery you must:

Quit smoking, alcoholic beverages, and solid foods. Eat crushed and semi-liquid food.
Minimize physical activity.
Avoid hot, cold foods and drinks,
Do not chew on the side where the implant is installed.
Do not touch the operated area with your hands, tongue or various objects.

Oral hygiene should be especially carefully observed, then wound healing will occur quickly and with minimal discomfort. Use a toothbrush to walk around the implanted area; it can be carefully treated with a cotton swab dipped in saline solution. To reduce pain, the doctor may recommend taking painkillers, which are prescribed on an individual basis.

Treatment of postoperative complications

In some cases, after implantation, the patient is prescribed antibiotic treatment, which helps prevent infectious processes. In addition, drugs with an antiseptic wound-healing effect are prescribed:

chlorhexidine (0.05%). It has a disinfecting effect and is used in the first days after manipulation. The composition should be kept on the side where the implant is installed for several minutes. It is recommended to repeat the procedure 3-4 times a day;
betadine (10%). Three drops of the composition are diluted with water (100 ml). Rinsing the postoperative area relieves inflammation and heals wounds. The drug provides protection to damaged tissues. Should be used up to 6 times a day;
dexalgin. Has anti-inflammatory analgesic properties. Relieves pain for 3-6 hours, reduces swelling.

Orthopedic stage of implantation: impact on the gums

Creating a gum contour

Before prosthetics, a former is installed - this is necessary to form the contour of the gums. Installation takes no more than 20 minutes and looks like this:

making a small incision;
unscrewing the plug;
fixation of the former.

The procedure is performed under local anesthesia. Prosthetics can begin in one to two weeks.

After installing the former, the abutment is fixed to connect the implant and crown.

Installing a prosthesis over an implant

The main task of prosthetics is to restore the integrity of the dentition. At the same time, it is important not only to preserve the external aesthetics of the prostheses, but also to ensure functionality. This is achieved through the joint efforts of the orthopedist and implantologist.

To make a crown, preliminary impressions are made. Before the final installation, the required number of fittings and corrections are carried out. The duration of the process is 2-4 weeks.

Oral care after implantation

The rehabilitation period takes at least 5 months. At this time, it is important to follow your doctor's recommendations:

regular scheduled examination;
using a brush with soft bristles;
daily hygiene using antiseptics;
minimizing impacts on the operating area;
use of an irrigator;
limiting warming bath procedures;
adherence to the recommended diet;
monitoring the condition of the prosthesis;
to give up smoking.

Caring for gums and taking medications after surgery

To ensure that nothing interferes with healing and that this process occurs as quickly as possible, dentists recommend following some rules for postoperative oral care. Basically, these rules apply to meals.

For the first few hours after surgery, you should not take any food at all, even soft or liquid. Drinking is allowed through a straw. But, as a rule, patients themselves do not want to lean too heavily on food - since anesthesia may still be felt, and immediately after the anesthesia stops working, quite natural painful sensations may appear that interfere with eating.
In the first weeks after installation of the implant, it is recommended to refrain from hard, crumbly, and sticky foods - crackers, nuts (including those contained in sweets and chocolates), toffees, kozinaki, tough meat, etc.
You should also refrain from foods and dishes with a high content of both salt and sugar - salt irritates the unhealed surfaces of the mucous membrane, and sugar promotes the growth of bacteria in the oral cavity and on the teeth.
Hot spices, garlic, hot pepper, etc. are undesirable.
Hot and very cold drinks are also temporarily prohibited.
It is advisable to bite off and chew pieces of food with the healthy half of the jaw - on the side opposite to the operated one.
The diet should contain calcium-containing foods and mineral salts - this is important, since the body literally grows a section of the jaw bone, and “building materials” are needed for this.
In addition, it is highly not recommended to smoke (and not only tobacco products, but also hookahs, bongs and even vapes), since the unhealed mucous membrane is highly irritated due to hot smoke or steam.
You should not be in hot rooms, sunbathe on the beach, or visit a bathhouse or sauna.

Typically, the dentist should recommend an antibiotic to the patient, as there is an increased risk of infection during the postoperative period. You should not select and take an antibiotic drug on your own, without consulting a doctor, since the dentist must take into account all the characteristics of a particular patient and recommend a medication for a specific case. But you shouldn’t refuse to take the prescribed antibiotic - after all, this is not only an “emergency” remedy in case of any complications, inflammation, etc.: antibiotics allow you to avoid complications in principle. This is a preventive measure necessary after oral surgery. But for daily rinsing, antiseptic solutions and wound-healing preparations are prescribed.

If the patient follows all the prescribed rules and regularly visits the VivaDent clinic for routine examinations, then the implantation will take place without unnecessary problems and complications!

Reasons for rejection

The question of why the installed implant did not take root cannot be answered unambiguously, since there are a number of factors that can interfere with this process. These include:

low quality of the implant (in order for artificial teeth to take root with a higher probability, you need to choose products from trusted brands);
non-compliance with doctor's recommendations and oral hygiene;
poor quality work performed by the dentist;
high load on the artificial tooth;
allergic reaction to materials included in the implant.

Also, the implant may not take root in case of immune diseases, when it is impossible to predict the result of implantation.

Lifestyle recommendations immediately after implantation

Let's look at the current list of to-dos and rules of behavior that can and should be followed immediately after implantation:

Immediately after implantation, you need to rest in a calm environment: it is better to get home by taxi or with one of your relatives - because The anesthesia has not yet worn off and there may be some confusion. At work, you can take 3-5 days off or leave, so that all the body’s forces are directed only to recovery,
At home, it is recommended to make cold compresses to reduce and relieve swelling: to do this, wrap an ice pack in a towel and apply it to the cheek for 7-10 minutes, repeat the procedure after 3-5 minutes. This can be done for 1.5-2 hours. It is recommended to make 2-3 hikes per day,
You can drink 3 hours after implantation: it can be pure water without gas or a weak herbal decoction, unsweetened fruit drink/compote. The optimal liquid temperature is about 36 degrees,
You can eat food 4-5 hours after the operation (we’ll tell you more below),
do not forget to take medications prescribed by the implantologist.

Read on the topic: how to relieve swelling after dental implantation - the best methods and medications.

What should you not do after installing implants? There are certain restrictions in everyday life (which last on average 14-30 days) - these are visiting the pool, hot baths, air travel, playing sports, overexertion, lifting weights. It is also strictly forbidden to heat the sore spot on the cheek, because this increases swelling and provokes inflammation. And it is extremely important to quit smoking for at least 3-5 days, because... tobacco smoke contains a whole “bouquet” of harmful substances that slow down regeneration[1], and hot air dries out the oral mucosa.

“After dental implantation, and they put 6 pieces on my jaw at once, the doctor told me not to leave the city for a week while the rehabilitation was underway. So that if something happens, you can immediately come to him for an appointment. To be honest, the plan was to come to the clinic almost every two days. Although I would have come on the third day without any reminders, because my cheeks were swollen and I was scared. It’s better to come on time and be cured right away (if anything) than to develop complications later.”

Larisa Mikhailovna, review from the woman.ru forum

How does healing proceed after dental implantation and in what time frame?

Healing period after implant installation
Recommendations after implantation: what is possible, what is not

Dental implantation is a complex and responsible procedure, the result of which depends not only on the professionalism of the doctor, but also on whether you follow the recommendations in the postoperative period. The implant must take root properly in order to subsequently take on the load of the natural tooth, and this is a slow process. Failure to comply with medical instructions can negatively affect the outcome of the operation and lead to complications, including rejection of the artificial root.

Rehabilitation period

After implantation, the patient must undergo a rehabilitation course. It must be remembered that if complications develop, you must immediately consult a doctor .

Within two weeks it is recommended:

avoiding alcohol and smoking;
a diet containing warm, pureed or liquid dishes, without a lot of spices, exclude carbonated drinks;
avoid heavy physical activity;
exclude climbs and air travel;
a gentle treatment of the surgical site is necessary: do not chew on the operated side, do not rinse the oral cavity too intensively, etc.;
For the first few days, sleep on a high pillow (prevention of edema).

Eating

Dishes during the first two weeks should be warm, pureed or mushy, without spices. You should not eat spicy or sour foods that irritate the oral mucosa. For the same period, alcohol and smoking are excluded. Carbonated drinks are prohibited. You cannot heat or overcool the surgical area, which requires excluding hot drinks (teas, coffee) and cold foods (ice cream, fresh juices, etc.).

Antibiotics and other pharmaceutical drugs

After implantation, the patient is prescribed:

a short preventive course of antibacterial therapy with Amoxiclav, which is taken for 5 days;
solutions of “Chlorhexidine” or “Betadine” are prescribed for rinsing the mouth;
Solcoseryl dental ointment for gums can be applied to the surgical site, which speeds up healing and reduces pain;
To relieve pain, you can use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Nimesil, Ibuprofen, Analgin and others).

Folk remedies

To relieve swelling, you can rinse your mouth with kefir for the first 7-10 days after surgery;
applying a mixture of sea buckthorn oil and vitamin A to the wound accelerates its healing;
decoctions of dry chamomile for rinsing;
disinfection and relief of local pain syndrome is carried out using ointments containing propolis;
decoctions of echinacea and eucalyptus, drops of aloe reduce swelling;
fish oil and vitamin E have a local strengthening effect;
plantain in the form of a solution for rinsing or compress reduces swelling;
Calendula has anti-inflammatory properties.

How to avoid swelling after surgery

Swelling after implantation is normal and is caused by blood flow to protect the site from possible infection. The swelling increases during the first two days, and then gradually subsides and disappears within a week .

A favorable course of the process can be facilitated by:

applying cold (for example, an ice pack) to the cheek in the wound area for at least half an hour every hour and a half;
sleep in the first days after surgery in a semi-sitting position;
Overheating or hypothermia and physical activity are prohibited for a week after surgery;
Eating hot food is prohibited.

Possible pain

In the early postoperative period, after the anesthesia wears off, aching pain appears, which normally goes away 2-3 days after the procedure . Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs help relieve pain.

If the pain lasts more than 3 days and is not relieved by analgesics, then this is a reason to immediately consult a doctor.