How to dilute Chlorhexidine for gargling and mouthwash? Instructions for use of "Chlorhexidine" for children and adults

Chlorhexidine (“Chlorhexidine bigluconate”) is one of the most popular gargles for a wide range of infectious and viral diseases. Its fame is due to its availability and decades-proven effectiveness. However, it is not clear to everyone how to dilute Chlorhexidine for rinsing. In the article we will present in detail the instructions for preparing the solution for adults and children, indications for use, analogues of the product, recommendations for more effective use.

Characteristics of the product

"Chlorhexidine" by its nature is a universal antiseptic. It was first synthesized at the beginning of the last century in Great Britain. From then to the present, it has been the leading disinfectant for the external treatment of skin, as well as medical instruments. Widely used in surgical practice. In addition to being an independent drug, it is part of many medications - antiseptic, promoting skin regeneration, etc.

"Chlorhexidine bigluconate" is produced by dozens of Russian enterprises alone. In fact, there is no difference in their products. The product differs only in its concentration. In this format it can be presented in five variations:

• 0,05 %.
• 0,2 %.
• 0,5 %.
• 1 %.
• 5 %.

What do these numbers mean? For example, 100 ml of a “Chlorhexidine” solution of five percent concentration (5%) contains 5 ml of the active substance.

The composition of Chlorhexidine preparations is identical. These are just two elements:

• Purified drinking water.
• Ingredient: chlorhexidine bigluconate.

Release form: solution in vials (plastic, glass) of various volumes. The most common containers in pharmacies are 100-500 ml containers. Bottles with a volume of 2 liters or more are produced especially for medical institutions.

How is Chlorgesidine used? What is it used for? The scope of its application is wide. If you purchase the drug specifically for rinsing, then it is better to stop at a solution of 0.05% concentration.

Contraindications for use

Like any medicine, Chlorhexidine has some restrictions on its use. The solution is not recommended for certain conditions:

• individual intolerance to the components of the product;
• children under 7 years of age;
• simultaneous use of other rinsing solutions (hydrogen peroxide).

If the patient follows all the recommendations for using an antiseptic, he rarely develops side effects. Frequent rinsing can cause the following adverse effects:

• discoloration of tooth enamel and dentures;
• accelerated formation of tartar;
• violation of taste perception;
• the formation of a yellow coating on the tongue;
• allergic reactions in the form of skin itching and urticaria.

If the patient swallows an antiseptic, it is necessary to rinse the stomach and take an absorbent. Before use, you should consult your doctor. The doctor will tell you how to gargle correctly.

Release forms

“Chlorhexidine” for sore throat is not only a base for preparing a solution for rinsing. The same component can be found in other effective products. These drugs can be prescribed not only for acute viral and respiratory diseases:

• Dental gels. These are “Metrogil”, “Metrodent”, “Denta” and so on.
• Sprays and tablets indicated for diseases of the nasopharynx and throat - “Drill”, “Anti-angin”, “Sebidin”, etc.
• Cream preparations used for wound healing - Pantoderm, Depanthenol.
• Corticosteroid anti-inflammatory gels. For example, "Bemilon".
• Sprays and gels with a mild analgesic effect - “Lidocaine”, “Instillagel”, etc.

conclusions

1. Chlorhexidine is an effective drug that can be used to treat children over 3 years of age. The components included in its composition destroy pathogenic organisms, which helps speed up healing.
2. It is used in diluted form for rinsing the mouth.
3. The therapy is complex, the duration of treatment depends on the characteristics of the body.
4. If allergic reactions or other side effects occur, therapy should be abandoned. We also recommend that you familiarize yourself with Ventolin for inhalation for children in this material.

How does the product work?

"Chlorhexidine" for sore throat and other diseases characterized by inflammation of the oropharynx is one of the most effective drugs. It's all about its bactericidal and fungicidal effect.

The benefits of using the drug have been confirmed in laboratory conditions. For the experiment, we took a regular 0.05% solution of the drug. The tests were carried out at room temperature (+22 °C).

The result was as follows:

• Death of bacteria - after 1 minute of exposure.
• The death of fungal organisms occurs after 10 minutes of exposure.

Moreover, it is noted that as the ambient temperature increases, the effectiveness of the solution begins to increase. For example, already at 40-50 degrees (the temperature of the liquid at which comfortable rinsing of the oropharynx is possible), the exposure time is almost halved!

This means that it is enough to hold the solution in your mouth for about 30 seconds to eliminate all harmful microorganisms living there. How to achieve a fungicidal effect (against fungal creatures)? After the procedure, it is important to abstain from drinking and snacking for a while.

How to use chlorhexidine for colds?

This drug is good not only for treating a sore throat, but will also have a positive effect when you have a runny nose. Of course, with a cold, nasal congestion often occurs and can last for a long time.

The main purpose of chlorhexidine for colds is to rinse the nose. To do this, you should follow a few simple rules.

• The first thing to do is to thoroughly clear the nasal passages of mucus (as much as possible).
• Chlorhexidine, do not forget, should be warm or at room temperature.
• Lie on your side and instill liquid into the upper nostril. And from the second the contents should flow out.
• If suddenly the medicine gets into the mouth, then it must be spat out.
• And there are also small restrictions - you cannot lie down for an hour! Because residual liquid can still penetrate inside.
• Chlorhexidine at a concentration of 0.05% is also suitable for the nose. There is no need to dilute it; we have already said that this weakens the medicinal properties of the drug.

Before rinsing

The reader will soon learn how to dilute Chlorhexidine for rinsing. It is equally important to properly prepare for the procedure - this will increase the effect of using the product.

The preliminary steps are simple:

• Before using Chlorhexidine, rinse your mouth and throat with plain water. But it’s better to avoid salty and soda solutions! In this case, the pH of the environment increases. Under such conditions, chlorhexidine bigluconate precipitates. And this makes rinsing more noticeable and even painful for you.
• The instructions for the solutions say that instead of rinsing, you can brush your teeth. Experts consider such preparation to be more effective, since “Chlorhexidine” is more intense in a slightly alkaline (pH 7-8) or neutral (pH 5-7) environment. Do not use hard tap water for preliminary hygiene procedures. It will reduce the beneficial bactericidal properties of Chlorhexidine.

How to use Chlorhexidine in gynecology

The product is actively used to prevent sexually transmitted diseases. No later than 2 hours after unprotected intercourse, you need to take the solution. Men will need to insert 2 ml into the urinary canal, and women will need to insert 2 ml into the urinary canal and another 5-7 ml into the vagina. It is recommended to wipe the skin around the genitals with the solution. The instructions say that after using the drug you need to wait 2 hours before urinating. Otherwise, the effect of use will be less.

For preventive purposes, vaginal suppositories can be used.

Before using the product for thrush and other gynecological pathologies, you should consult a specialist in advance.

Application of 0.05% solution

The instructions for using Chlorhexidine for rinsing are quite simple:

1. Pour the required volume of solution from the bottle into a special glass or other convenient container.
2. Sip a small amount and keep it in your mouth.
3. Tilt your head back and begin the procedure, not allowing the liquid to go down the esophagus.
4. Tilt your head, throw it back deeper, return to the starting position. This is done so that the drug covers all the walls of the oropharynx.
5. To achieve the effect, it is enough to rinse with one such portion of the solution for thirty seconds.
6. Spit out the product - do not swallow it.

The recommended number of rinses (half a minute each) is about three times a day.

How to gargle: instructions for use

1. Take a solution of chlorhexidine, the concentration of which is 0.05%, then dilute it 1 to 1 or 1 to 2 with warm water. If the child is over 12 years old, do not dilute the solution.
2. Since a diluted or open medicine loses its properties in 30-40 minutes, prepare a portion of the solution for one procedure immediately before manipulation.
3. First, the child should rinse the neck several times with just warm water.
4. Next, he should take the prepared chlorhexidine solution in the amount of one tablespoon into his mouth and gargle for about 30-60 seconds.
5. For sore throat, this rinse is performed twice in a row.
6. After treatment, you should not eat or drink anything for 1-2 hours.
7. Rinsing is performed 2-3 times a day, and in case of severe sore throat - up to 4 times.
8. Duration of use should not exceed 7 days.

How to properly dilute Chlorhexidine?

So, only the 0.05% concentration of the drug does not require dilution. It can be used for rinsing immediately, which is why we recommend purchasing this type of product.

And if you bought a drug with a higher percentage of chlorhexidine bigluconate, then it must be further diluted with water before use. This is not done “by eye”, but in compliance with certain proportions.

How to dilute Chlorhexidine for rinsing:

• 0.2% concentration. Dilution with water in a ratio of one to four (one part Chlorhexidine to four parts water).
• 0.5% concentration. Dilution with water in a ratio of one to ten.
• 1% concentration. Dilution with water in a ratio of one to twenty.
• 5% concentration. How to dilute Chlorhexidine 5%? Dilution with water in a ratio of one to one hundred.

How to dilute Chlorhexidine for a child? Maintain the same water-preparation ratios as given above.

It is important not only not to exceed the percentage of chlorhexidine bigluconate in water (this can lead to burns of the mucous membranes of the oropharynx), but also not to prepare a solution that is too weak. It will be less effective and will not have the proper effect on microbes.

Chlorhexidine - application

To maximize the effect of using the drug, it is important to adhere to the following recommendations:

1. Gargling with Chlorhexidine can only be done after preliminary cleaning of the mouth. To do this, you need to take a small amount of clean water into your mouth. After this, rinse for a minute and spit it out.
2. You cannot eat or drink for the next hour. In addition, during this period it is important to talk less. All this is aimed at providing maximum peace to the throat.
3. The medicinal liquid should not be swallowed. If a small amount gets into the stomach, you need to take the adsorbent without hesitating for a minute.

How to dilute Chlorhexidine?

For rinsing, a 0.05% preparation is used. If Chlorhexidine Bigluconate solution is available in higher concentrations, the medication must be diluted before use. For this purpose, cooled boiled or distilled water can be used.

You need to dilute it like this:

• 0.2% solution in a ratio of 1:4;
• 0.5% agent in a ratio of 1:10;
• 1% drug in a ratio of 1:20;
• 5% medication in a ratio of 1:100.

• Instructions for use of Chlorhexidine bigluconate for gargling

How to gargle with Chlorhexidine for an adult?

To maximize the effectiveness of using the solution, it is important to carry out the procedure correctly. How to gargle with Chlorhexidine for a sore throat in an adult:

1. Take 15 ml of a 0.05% solution into your mouth. For this it is better to use a special measuring spoon. Do not apply by eye, as if the dosage is exceeded, you can burn the mucous membrane.
2. The head should be tilted back slightly and rinsed for 30 seconds.
3. You need to spit out the waste liquid.

Irrigation of the larynx is allowed. Only knowing how to properly gargle with Chlorhexidine for adults can carry out the procedure properly and speed up the healing process. The number of approaches depends on how intensely the pathology manifests itself:

• if the condition is satisfactory, the procedure should be carried out twice a day (in the morning and before bedtime);
• if severe pain bothers you, manipulation can be performed every 4 hours.

How to gargle with Chlorhexidine during pregnancy?

This solution can be used by a woman during pregnancy. However, it is important for a pregnant woman to be extremely careful during the procedure to avoid swallowing even a small amount of medication. In addition, before using the medicinal solution, you should consult a doctor. He knows how to rinse with Chlorhexidine for pregnant women, and will give his practical recommendations. A single dosage for the procedure is 1 teaspoon of solution.

How to gargle with Chlorhexidine for children?

This medication can be used from 6 years of age. By this time, the child already understands how to gargle. However, the procedure must be carried out under adult supervision. If Chlorhexidine is intended for children aged 6 to 12 years, the drug must be diluted with cool boiled water in a 1:1 ratio. Those who are older can use a 0.05% solution. Single dosage – 1 teaspoon.

Features of the procedure for children

Chlorhexidine is an indispensable remedy for rinsing children. Note that for children, as well as for adults, the minimum concentration of the solution will remain 0.05%. There is no point in reducing it, otherwise to get the effect you will have to increase the exposure time of the product.

The instructions for the drug tell us that young age in itself is not a contraindication for use. However, parents should be aware that the solution tastes bitter and during the procedure can cause a burning sensation in the mouth and throat.

Most guys tolerate this procedure calmly. Another part of children is sensitive to the described unpleasant effects.

The frequency of rinsing is the same as for adults - two to three times a day. The oropharynx should also be treated with a solution of 0.05% concentration for half a minute. The parent needs to ensure that the child does not accidentally swallow the product during the procedure. To prevent this from happening, you can replace gargling for young children with treating the throat with Chlorhexidine in the form of a spray.

Advantages and disadvantages of treatment with chlorhexidine

Before deciding which is better to rinse your mouth for gum inflammation, you should familiarize yourself with the features of the drug. Chlorhexidine has its positive and negative effects.

Important: gum inflammation is often accompanied by bleeding gums, which means there is a risk of infection.

Table 1: Pros and cons of using chlorhexidine to treat gum disease:

Pros of use	Disadvantages of use
The drug has a wide spectrum of effects.	It does not eliminate the cause of inflammation, but only fights the symptom. This property explains short-term relief.
The drug has a prolonged effect, protects against bacteria for several hours after use.	The drug has a bitter aftertaste.
The medicine is already ready for use, it can be used in any convenient place and is convenient to take with you.	The drug should not be swallowed. For many people, this may cause them to refuse to use this drug.
The bottle has a convenient tip. Some manufacturers include a spray nozzle included.	With prolonged use, it leaves a dark coating on the tooth enamel.
The price of the drug is not high and makes it widely available.	Not active against viruses.

Important: the dark coating from using the drug will disappear a couple of days after finishing its use.

The effectiveness of chlorhexidine for gum inflammation

To solve an unpleasant problem you need to know how to rinse your mouth with chlorhexidine for gum inflammation

When gums become inflamed, swelling and redness of the gum mucosa is observed. Fabrics become more sensitive to touch and temperature changes. Gums are easily damaged. All these symptoms cause unpleasant, even painful sensations. Reduce the patient's quality of life.

This condition requires treatment, and chlorhexidine is exactly what you should use to rinse your mouth with when you have gum inflammation.

Inflammation of the gums is a symptom that accompanies some dental diseases:

• gingivitis;
• periodontitis.

The cause of inflammation in these conditions is the presence of microbial plaque on the teeth or hard deposits. Many experts indicate that chlorhexidine is fully effective after removing the cause of inflammation. If you use the drug without eliminating the root cause, the effect of use will be much weaker.

Important: with complex treatment, special toothpastes that contain chlorhexidine can help, but using such toothpastes constantly is not recommended; the instructions for the toothpaste will tell you about the rules of use.

Rinse instructions for children

Parents now know how to dilute Chlorhexidine to rinse their child. Then it is important to follow a certain sequence of actions for greater effectiveness of the procedure:

1. Do I need to dilute Chlorhexidine for rinsing? If this is a ready-made 0.05% solution, then no. If the drug is of higher concentration, then it is diluted with water in the proportions indicated above.
2. Pour out 15 ml of solution. For convenience, you can use a measuring cup. A tablespoon can replace it if you know its volume.
3. The child should gargle with the product by tilting his head back slightly and looking upward. While exhaling, he pronounces any vowel sound. Be sure to show your child how this is done. If the baby is too small, then it is better to refuse rinsing - he can easily choke.
4. The procedure, as for adults, lasts 30 seconds.
5. The solution must be spit out completely.

After the procedure, it is not recommended to drink or eat for two hours. It is best to rinse in the morning after breakfast and before going to bed in the evening.

Precautions and side effects

When treating a child's throat with Chlorhexidine, the rules and dosage must be followed. It is not recommended to use simultaneously with Lugol, iodine. The effectiveness of therapy is achieved only with complex treatment.

If allergies occur (itching, rashes), the drug should be discontinued. Long-term use can cause an unpleasant taste in the mouth, headaches, sleep problems, darkening of the enamel, and the development of tartar. If your baby swallows a little of the medicine, there is no need to worry, the solution will come out naturally.

Are rinses allowed for pregnant women?

Pregnancy is not a contraindication for using Chlorhexidine solution when gargling. This substance is not absorbed by the mother's mucous membranes.

Accidental ingestion of the solution by a woman is not dangerous for the fetus. Systemic absorption in this case will be so small that it will not have a negative effect on the child.

How to use during pregnancy and lactation?

During the gestational and lactation period, the medicine is used with caution with the permission of a specialist, despite the fact that it is not absorbed into the bloodstream. The drug does not cause negative effects in children. The active substance has an effect only on the surface of the mucosa. The active ingredient does not penetrate into the bloodstream by more than 1%. That is why the medicine is absolutely safe for a pregnant woman and fetus, as well as a breastfed child.

If the attending physician prescribes Chlorhexidine, then gargling during pregnancy and lactation is performed according to a similar scheme as for adult patients. The course of therapy is 7-15 days.

The only caveat is that it is extremely important for a pregnant woman to be extremely careful during the procedure. You should not swallow even a small amount of medication to avoid causing side effects. If it is impossible to use the drug, the doctor prescribes analogues of the medication - Miramistin, Furacilin.

Features of use for various diseases

Most often, gargling with a solution of Chlorhexidine is indicated for sore throat. The medicine here fights a large number of pathogens. Moreover, the manual for the product notes that bacterial resistance (addiction) does not develop to it.

When treating tonsillitis, it is also recommended to gargle with the drug at least three times a day. However, treatment should not be continued for more than a week - Chlorhexidine changes the color of tooth enamel, which we will discuss later. If it is necessary to continue the course of rinsing, it is best to replace it with a similar drug.

For what throat diseases can Chlorhexidine be used?

Any disease of the mouth or throat can be accompanied by quite severe pain. Chlorhexidine solution comes to the rescue in this situation, which actively fights many infections. Irrigation or gargling is used to treat the throat.

The activity of the drug is explained by its ability to destroy pathogens at the cellular level.

Proven effectiveness of the drug is observed when using the solution for the following diseases:

• course of ENT diseases in acute or chronic form (tracheitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis);
• inflammation of the pharyngeal tonsils of various etiologies;
• treatment of influenza, acute respiratory viral infections and acute respiratory diseases;
• tonsillitis in acute or chronic form;
• in the treatment of nicotine effects in smokers.

Treatment of diseases must be carried out in combination with other medications prescribed by a doctor.

Mouth rinse

Chlorhexidine solution is effective not only for curing diseases affecting the oropharynx. It is also used for therapy and prevention of infectious diseases of the gums and oral cavity. This is a good antiseptic and wound healing agent after surgical operations in this location. The procedure will significantly improve a person’s condition with infectious lesions of the oral mucosa - gingivitis, stomatitis, etc.

Moreover, rinsing the mouth with Chlorhexidine is also very useful for throat diseases. After all, a huge number of bacteria enter the pharynx from the oral cavity.

How to dilute Chlorhexidine for mouth rinse? In the same proportions as for the throat. The optimal concentration would be 0.05%. However, if the procedure does not bring the desired effect, then when rinsing the mouth, you can increase the concentration of the solution to 0.2%.

How to dilute Chlorhexidine to rinse gums? The instructions for the procedure will be similar to those described above.

What is Chlorhexidine used for?

An aqueous solution is prescribed to be taken in the following cases:

• cervical erosion;
• for the prevention of syphilis, genital herpes and other vaginal diseases;
• disinfection of dentures, disinfection of wounds;
• various diseases of the oral cavity.

An alcohol solution is used to treat hands and medical devices before surgery. The solution is also used to treat the working surface of medical equipment.

Vaginal suppositories are effective for the following conditions:

• in order to prevent infections that can be transmitted as a result of unprotected sexual intercourse;
• bacterial vaginosis;
• prevention of inflammation and infections before surgery, childbirth or abortion.

Side effects

Now you are familiar with the instructions for using “Chlorhexidine” for rinsing. You also need to know about some unpleasant effects of the drug:

• Darkening of tooth enamel. Note that the effect is temporary, but can deprive the smile of its aesthetic appeal for some time.
• The appearance of deposits on tooth enamel. Such a negative effect can only be achieved with frequent systemic use of rinses.

The use of the drug does not have a serious negative impact on human health and life. Cases of side effects are so unlikely that they are not even described in the instructions for Chlorhexidine. This is what made it the most common antiseptic.

Using chlorhexidine for the throat during pregnancy: instructions, how to dilute, dosage

Chlorhexidine belongs to category B. It is worth clarifying right away that such a drug does not have a direct negative effect on the fetus. But it should be used with caution during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

• In principle, any drug treatment should only be carried out when the benefits of treatment significantly outweigh its negative effects.
• Therefore, under no circumstances do you self-medicate. This drug can only be used if recommended by a doctor.

Most often, pregnant women are offered some kind of analogue, and chlorhexidine is prescribed even when other treatment is not effective.

1. If we talk about the dosage, then it is the same as for an adult (we have already indicated above).
2. Therefore, the rinsing scheme itself is similar:
   rinse your mouth with warm water to remove food debris
3. took a tablespoon of the product
4. gargle for 30 seconds (minimum)
5. spat out
6. There is no need to dilute the drug, since it will then not provide such a positive treatment for an adult, even a pregnant person.
7. You can’t eat for 1.5-2 hours either. But we know that pregnant women can snack frequently. Therefore, it is advisable to abstain from food and water for at least an hour.

Analogues of the drug

Chlorhexidine digluconate is an active ingredient not only of the drug of the same name. It is also part of similar medications (in terms of concentration, effectiveness, dosage, etc.), but produced under a different name. Complete analogues of “Chlorhexidine” in composition are “Amident” (0.15% con (0.005% concentration).

Also in pharmacies you can find analogues of “Chlorgesidine” for antiseptic properties. The composition and active substances of these drugs will be different. Let's briefly introduce them:

• Hydrogen peroxide. There have been no comparative clinical studies of Chlorhexidine and peroxide. However, practical experience shows that chlorhexidine bigluconate still copes better with ARVI pathogens when rinsing. However, hydrogen peroxide is more effective for purulent inflammation. It can also be used for hygienic rinsing in case of sore throat. An important detail is that it does not darken tooth enamel, unlike Chlorhexidine.
• "Furacilin". A well-known, inexpensive and effective antiseptic. Widely used both at home and in medical institutions. Available in several forms - alcohol and aqueous solutions, tablets. The active ingredient of this drug is nitrofural. It has both fungicidal properties (fights fungal microorganisms) and bactericidal properties (fights bacterial microorganisms). It is also good as a rinse solution.
• "Miramistin". Unlike all the drugs mentioned above, this one is not a traditional, but an innovative antiseptic. Many of the best means for gargling and mouthwash. This is confirmed by the antimicrobial characteristics of the drug. It is also impossible not to note its following advantages: it is odorless and tasteless, does not cause irritation of the mucous membrane or any unpleasant effects. But there is a significant disadvantage: the cost of Miramistin is approximately higher than the price of Chlorhexidine and other described agents.

Let's summarize. “Chlorhexidine” is a highly effective budget antiseptic that fights a wide range of pathogens that cause diseases of the gums, throat, and oral cavity. Only one concentration is suitable for use - 0.05%. All others need to be diluted with water before this one. Among the negative aspects are burning, bitter taste, temporary darkening of tooth enamel (with long-term use). In hypersensitive people, rinsing with Chlorhexidine may cause nausea and vomiting.

Description of the drug

Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic drug that is active against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, some protozoa, as well as the causative agent of the herpes virus. The product is used to disinfect surfaces during surgical interventions, treat surgeons' hands and skin surfaces. After treatment, it retains the bactericidal effect for some time. There is a decrease in the bactericidal effect in the presence of organic liquids (blood, pus, lymph).

Externally, Chlorhexidine is a clear liquid similar to water. In the finished solution, the active ingredient is chlorhexidine bigluconate. The concentration of the active substance in the solution varies - 0.05% and 20%, and, accordingly, the release volume is 100 and 500 milliliters.

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Chlorhexidine has high antibacterial activity. Its field of influence includes E. coli, gonococci, Klebsiella, staphylococcus and streptococcus, the causative agent of syphilis and tuberculosis, chlamydia, ureaplasma, viral hepatitis and many others. Treatment of the skin with a solution of Chlorhexidine does not lead to the absorption of its active component into the blood.

Depending on the concentration of the active component, the scope of application of the solutions is different. A 20% solution is used for the following purposes:

• the surgeon's hands and the surgical field are treated before manipulation;
• in food production, the hands of workers are disinfected;
• antibacterial treatment of the skin of the hands of medical workers of any profile;
• in treatment rooms, treatment of the injection site;
• processing of small medical instruments.

A solution of higher concentration is used to prepare a solution of lower concentration. A weak solution, in turn, is used for preventive purposes to avoid re-infection during surgery, as well as in the treatment of pathological skin conditions due to fungal or bacterial diseases, wound suppuration, and infectious diseases of the mucous membranes.

Chlorhexidine is highly effective in the treatment and prevention of many infectious diseases that are predominantly sexually transmitted.

Chlorhexidine solution has become widespread in the treatment of many diseases of the oral cavity, including dental diseases.

Should I treat my throat with Chlorhexidine?

The drug is a powerful antiseptic that destroys pathogenic bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa. It has a minimum of contraindications and is suitable for use by all persons, including pregnant women and children.

The patient must adhere to simple rules for using an antiseptic:

1. Do not swallow the solution. Otherwise, the patient must undergo gastric lavage and take absorbents.
2. There is no need to exceed the rinsing time, concentration and dosage of the antiseptic.
3. It is prohibited to use the product for more than 15 days.

4. If the product gets into your eyes, rinse it with warm water. To reduce irritation of the conjunctiva, use special drops.
5. It is recommended to store the solution away from heat sources.
6. The effect of the medication is reduced if it is used simultaneously with iodine-containing drugs.

If the product has a high concentration, it can be diluted independently to a concentration of 0.05%. For the antiseptic to be more effective, it should be slightly warmed up.

Composition of Chlorhexidine

The composition of the drug is 0.05% solution

Chlorhexidine bigluconate includes 0.5 mg
of chlorhexidine bigluconate
, additional substances.

The composition of the drug is 20% solution

Chlorhexidine Bigluconate includes 0.2 g of active substance, additional substances.

Release form

INN: Chlorhexidine

The form of release of the product is as follows. The drug is available in the form of a 0.05% solution for external use. In a polymer bottle with a nozzle, as well as in glass bottles of 100 ml, 1 bottle in a cardboard package.

A 20% solution of the drug is sold in polymer bottles with a cap, 100 ml, 500 ml.

Suppositories and gel are also produced (it contains lidocaine

), cream, ointment, spray with a similar active ingredient.

pharmachologic effect

An aqueous solution of Chlorhexidine Bigluconate has a local antiseptic effect, predominantly bactericidal. The product is a dichlorine-containing biguanide

. It affects the body by changing the properties of the cell membrane of microorganisms. The cations that are formed due to the dissociation of chlorhexidine salts react with the bacterial membranes, which have a negative charge. The effect of the drug promotes the destruction of the cytoplasmic membrane of the bacterium. Its balance is disrupted, and the bacterium eventually dies.

Chlorhexidine Bigluconate solution 0.05%, gluconate 20% effectively destroys a number of strains of microorganisms. This is Neisseria gonorrhoeae

,
Trichomonas vaginalis
,
Bacteroides fragilis
,
Chlamidia spp
.,
Gardnerella vaginalis
,
Treponema pallidum
.
The drug is also active against Ureaplasma spp
., and also has a moderate active effect against individual strains of
Proteus spp.
and
Pseudomonas spp
.

Viruses demonstrate resistance to the drug (with the exception of the herpes

), fungal spores.

If a rinse with Chlorhexidinum is used to wash hands, or the skin is treated with the drug, Chlorhexidine Bigluconate has a long-term antibacterial effect. Therefore, the drug can be used to treat the surgeon’s hands and the surgical field.

The product retains its antimicrobial activity in the presence of pus, blood, etc., but a decrease in its effectiveness is noted.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

When applied topically, Chlorhexidine is not absorbed into the bloodstream and has no systemic effect.

Indications for use

What the antiseptic is used for can be found in the detailed instructions for the drug. It is widely used to treat diseases that are caused by microorganisms sensitive to the influence of Chlorhexidine, and for their prevention.

The medicine is used to treat certain diseases depending on the concentration of the solution.

A solution of 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2% is widely used to prevent infectious diseases after surgical interventions. The use of such solutions in dentistry is practiced in order to process dentures. Dentists determine how to use Chlorhexidine in dentistry during various procedures, and also use it for stomatitis.

,
periodontitis
for rinsing gums.

Skin treatment is practiced in urology (if penetration into the urethra, etc.), surgery, and gynecology before and after surgery to prevent infection. The use of the product in gynecology is practiced for the purpose of disinfecting mucous membranes and skin before carrying out a series of manipulations. How to use the solution depends on the type of procedure or manipulation.

In gynecology, Chlorhexidine is also used for thrush. To get rid of thrush, a woman is recommended to douche according to a special scheme.

Chlorhexidine is used in the treatment of many dermatological diseases of both bacterial and fungal origin. The use of the drug is also indicated in the presence of purulent wounds, diseases of the mucous membranes provoked by microorganisms sensitive to the active substance of the drug.

What Chlorhexidine is is known to those who have been seriously injured. The product is often used to treat wounds and damaged skin to prevent infection. What it is, and whether it is worth using the product in a particular case, is determined by the doctor.

Chlorhexidine Bigluconate solution is used to prevent sexually transmitted diseases - genital herpes

,
chlamydia
,
trichomoniasis
,
syphilis
,
gonorrhea
.

Chlorhexidine Bigluconate solution 0.5%

used to treat damage to mucous membranes and skin, as well as for the treatment of medical instruments (the solution temperature should be 70 degrees Celsius).

Chlorhexidine Bigluconate solution 1%

used to prevent infection of burns and wounds, for disinfection before operations, as well as for treating instruments and devices that cannot be subjected to heat treatment.

Chlorhexidine Bigluconate solution 5% and 20%

used in the preparation of solutions based on water, glycerin or alcohol.

Contraindications

The following contraindications to the use of this product are noted:

· High sensitivity to the components of the product.

· Not used to treat patients suffering from dermatitis

.

· Do not use at the same time with other antiseptics (this is hydrogen peroxide

and etc.).

· It is not advisable to use it for disinfection of the surgical field before surgery or after interventions on the central nervous system and auditory canal.

· Not used in ophthalmology (the answer to the question whether it is possible to wash the eyes with this product is negative, since in ophthalmology only a specially prepared solution is used).

· For the treatment of children, use with caution.

Side effects

When using Chlorhexidine Bigluconate during treatment, the following side effects were observed in some patients:

· dry skin;

· itchy skin

;

· appearance of a rash;

· dermatitis

;

· photosensitivity.

With prolonged use of mouth rinses and mouthwashes, taste sensations may change and tartar

, there is a change in the color of the teeth.

Instructions for use Chlorhexidine Bigluconate (Method and dosage)

The instructions for Chlorhexidine stipulate that aqueous and alcoholic solutions of Chlorhexidine are used for the local treatment of infectious diseases.

Instructions for use of Chlorhexidine Bigluconate for the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases are as follows. A 0.05% solution is used no more than two hours after unprotected sexual intercourse. For men, 2-3 ml of the product is injected into the urinary canal, for women, 1-2 ml is injected into the urinary canal and another 5-10 ml into the vagina (like douching in gynecology). It is also advisable to treat the skin near the genitals with the solution. The instructions on how to use the drug in this case contain a warning that urination should be done no earlier than 2 hours after using the drug. Otherwise, the effectiveness of the action decreases.

For prevention in this case, suppositories with Chlorhexidine Bigluconate can also be used.

How to do Chlorhexidine douching for thrush

and other gynecological diseases, and whether it is possible to douche when certain symptoms appear, you should definitely check with your gynecologist first. For douching, a ready-made solution of 0.05% is used, which does not require additional dilution. Before douching, you need to lie down horizontally and, after squeezing a few drops of the product from the bottle into the vagina, lie down for a few minutes. If allergic reactions develop, such procedures should not be performed.

The method of using Chlorhexidine for inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract is as follows: 2-3 ml of 0.05% is injected into the urinary canal once or twice a day. The course of treatment lasts 10 days. This method of application is practiced in men and women.

To treat burns, wounds and other skin injuries, a solution of the drug 0.05%, 0.02% or 0.5% is used. It is used for irrigation or applications. The application is left for a period of 1 to 3 minutes. A spray with a similar active ingredient can also be used.

If it is necessary to disinfect the skin before surgery, use a 20% solution of Chlorhexidine digluconate, which is diluted with 70% ethyl alcohol (1 part of a 20% solution of Chlorhexidine digluconate and 40 parts of 70% alcohol). The surgical field is treated twice with an interval of 2 minutes.

In ENT practice, Chlorhexidine is used for sore throat

,
pharyngitis
,
tonsillitis
. If you have a sore throat, you should gargle with a solution of 0.2% or 0.5%.

Before using Chlorhexidine gargle

, it is recommended to rinse your mouth thoroughly with warm water. Next, gargling for a sore throat is carried out as follows: you should take 10–15 ml (about a tablespoon) of the solution, which can be used to gargle for about 30 seconds. You can repeat these steps one more time. After rinsing, it is advisable not to take food or liquid for 1 hour. The doctor will tell you how to gargle with Chlorhexidine, as well as how many times a day you need to perform this procedure for the throat, taking into account the patient’s individual symptoms. You should also ask the specialist whether it is possible to gargle with Chlorhexidine if the patient notices side effects.

It should be noted that if rinsing your mouth with Chlorhexidine causes a burning sensation, then most likely the solution is too concentrated. The highest permissible concentration is no more than 0.5%. You must first study the instructions on how to dilute the medicine for mouth rinsing. After teeth extraction, rinse your mouth three times a day for 1 minute. Is it possible to rinse your mouth more often and how to rinse your mouth if complications are noted after tooth extraction, you need to find out from a specialist.

Chlorhexidine solution should not be swallowed while rinsing; if the solution accidentally gets into the stomach, you need to drink activated carbon tablets (1 tablet per 10 kg of person’s weight).

Nasal rinsing for sinusitis

This drug should not be practiced on its own. Whether it is possible to rinse the nose is determined solely by the doctor. A solution taken into the nose can enter the cavity of the inner ear or onto the lining of the brain, which is fraught with the development of serious complications.

Overdose

According to the instructions, an overdose of the drug is impossible. If the drug is swallowed, gastric lavage

, use of
activated carbon
, symptomatic treatment.

Interaction

If the pH of the medium exceeds 8, a precipitate forms. If hard water was used when preparing the solution, its bactericidal effect is reduced.

Does not combine with anionic compounds, in particular soap.

Does not mix with chlorides

,
carbonates
,
phosphates
,
sulfates, borates
,
citrates
.

of neomycin increases

,
kanamycin
,
chloramphenicol
,
cephalosporin
.

Ethyl alcohol enhances the bactericidal effect.

Terms of sale

Sold in pharmacies without a doctor's prescription.

Storage conditions

The drug should be stored in a dark, dry place, storage temperature - from 1 to 25 degrees Celsius.

Best before date

Solution 0.05%

can be stored for 2 years.

Solution 20%

can be stored for 3 years.

Prepared solutions can be stored for 1 week.

special instructions

The solution remains active in the presence of blood and organic substances. Contact of the drug with the eyes, membranes of the brain and the auditory nerve should be prevented.

In people with open TBI

, damaged spinal cord,
perforation of the eardrum,
it is necessary to avoid getting the product on the surface of the brain, meninges, and also into the tympanic cavity.

If the drug gets into your eyes, rinse them immediately.

It is not recommended to mix with other detergents and disinfectants.

If clothing has been in contact with the product, do not expose it to hypochlorites.

, producing active chlorine.

Analogs

Analogs of Chlorhexidine Bigluconate are drugs that contain a similar active substance. Analogues are available in the form of different dosage forms - gels, solutions, ointments, suppositories. This is Hexicon

,
Hexicon D
(for children),
Hibiscrub
,
Amident
, etc.

Other antiseptics, such as iodine or hydrogen peroxide, can also be used.

Which is better: Chlorhexidine or Miramistin

?

Many people are convinced that Miramistin

and Chlorhexidine are the same thing. In fact, these drugs do belong to the same class of antiseptics. What is the difference between Chlorhexidine and Miramistin is in the active substances contained in the preparations. Miramistin is not a complete analogue of Chlorhexidine. It has a pronounced antifungal and antiviral effect. Therefore, there are some differences in the indications for use of this drug. Miramistin is not contraindicated for people suffering from dermatitis.

Synonyms

Hexicon.

For children

For the treatment of children, the drug is used with caution and only after a doctor’s prescription.

During pregnancy and lactation

Chlorhexidine can be used topically during pregnancy and breastfeeding. However, despite the fact that pregnancy is not a contraindication to the use of the drug, prolonged use of the solution is not recommended.

Gargling during pregnancy is possible only under the supervision of a doctor.