Guide to “growing” teeth, or bioengineering in dentistry

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...They say evil has no face. Indeed, no feelings were reflected on his face. There was not a glimmer of sympathy on him, but the pain was simply unbearable. Can't he see the horror in my eyes and the panic on my face? He calmly, one might say, carried out his dirty work professionally, and at the end he politely said: “Rinse your mouth, please...”

This is how Dan Andrews describes a visit to the dentist in his short story “Wretched.” Indeed, since childhood, we have been in incredible awe of such specialists as dentists. Parents do everything they can to force their children to at least go to the doctor’s office, trying not to think about what awaits them next. And sometimes an adult’s soul sinks at the sight of numerous tools. Sometimes just the sight of a dental clinic is enough to do this.

As a result, the state of the oral cavity and dental hard tissues around the world does not inspire hope for a future without caries. Despite advances in dental treatment, tooth loss remains one of the most significant problems. Thus, according to WHO, the main causes of tooth loss are caries and periodontitis. Complete tooth loss is particularly common among older people. Globally, approximately 30% of people aged 65–74 years are missing teeth due to inflammatory periodontal diseases and pathology of dental hard tissues [1].

Therefore, it is not surprising that the state of the oral cavity of the population not only in Russia, but also in the world represents a serious problem, offering opportunities both for study and, more importantly, for the search for new treatment methods. One of them was tissue engineering , an interdisciplinary branch whose goal is to create biological substitutes that restore and maintain the functions of a tissue or organ. The fairly high efficiency of tissue engineering methods and their potential have attracted the attention of many scientists. This also contributes to their unfading popularity in various fields of medicine to this day.

Alternative approaches to growing teeth

Humanity's hope of being able to improve its health and restore lost organs naturally is so great that some are beginning to believe in unscientific treatments. Yes, yes, today there are alternative methods that, according to their developers, allow you to grow new teeth. But not from stem cells, but almost at home and with the power of thought. We suggest considering them for general development.

Norbekov's technique

Norbekov is a doctor of Russian and Uzbek alternative medicine, who has published many books that have sold millions of copies and organized the Institute of Human Self-Healing.

Norbekov’s technique is based on growing edinima with the help of willpower

According to his theory, anyone can achieve a positive result with the help of willpower and a special set of breathing exercises that need to be performed in the morning. It’s simple: after special gymnastics, you need to mentally focus on the organs that need to be restored, think through the process of their growth and healing in the smallest detail, how to “program” your consciousness for a positive result.

The author of the technique states: if during the process (about 2 weeks after the start of spiritual practice) you feel a tingling sensation in your gums, then you are on the right path.

Shichko's method of self-hypnosis

Biologist Shichko invites his followers to achieve positive results with the help of the subconscious. The human subconscious, as the biologist assures, is most susceptible in the evening hours, before falling asleep. It is in the evening, according to the method, that you need to set the body in the right direction, presenting in all details the process of formation and growth of teeth.

Stolbov method

The author of this method claims that he himself managed to grow 17 new teeth in this way, and it’s your right to believe him or not. To have a high chance of success, you must adhere to the following rules:

believe in miracles and open your mind to them,
give up bad habits, as they take away positive vital energy, which can be used for another purpose,
if you are overweight, be sure to lose weight,
learn to listen to your body's signals,
visualize your dream, imagine an extremely positive result.

Veretennikov method

The author of the method offers all sufferers a spiritual practice that allows them to grow the elements of a series in a strictly defined sequence. Exactly in the same order as it happens in children.

For a positive result you will need about 3 months and only half an hour of time daily. The teeth themselves should be imagined in the form of seeds that will gradually grow through the jaw bone and gum. With the power of thought, you need to learn how to cause a rush of blood and warmth in the gum area. At the final stage of auto-training, you need to activate the energy of the “third” eye and convince yourself that very soon you will have a snow-white and beautiful smile.

With this method, new teeth must be imagined in the form of seeds that will gradually germinate

Moreover, the method makes it possible to grow not only new elements in place of lost ones, but also to replace diseased units with healthy ones. Naturally, this is from the words of the author of the technique.

There are various meditation techniques or special yoga practices in the world aimed at growing teeth in humans. But remember that dentists, and the entire scientific community, have a negative attitude towards such methods, because they are unproven and completely ineffective.

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prevention

Pashkevich V.D. Prospects for the development of technology for growing teeth in dentistry // Bulletin of medical Internet conferences, – 2015.
Zotova A.A., Vdovenko K.D. The relevance of the use of 3D printers in modern dentistry // Bulletin of medical Internet conferences, – 2015.

Expert “The truth is as old as time. In order not to suffer from the issue of dental restoration, you need to maintain the health of the oral cavity and the whole body as a whole. From a very early age, a person should undergo preventive examinations from various specialists, identify pathologies in a timely manner and comprehensively treat them.” Surgeon-implantologist Vasiliev Alexander Alexandrovich

Consulting specialist

Tarabanovskaya Marina Igorevna

Specialization: Dentist therapist, periodontist Experience: 10 years

Tooth for tooth

People made their first attempts at dental treatment a long time ago. During excavations in Egypt, archaeologists discovered an artificial tooth carved from a mollusk shell in the jaw of a man who lived five and a half thousand years ago (Fig. 1) [2].

Figure 1. View of the vestibular surface of a tooth cut from a shell. The interval of marks along the edges is 1 mm.

[2]

In addition to the “seafood tooth,” they found reimplanted teeth in the jaw of a young woman, and all of them were out of place: instead of the upper central incisor, the alveolus contained a fang. These teeth had all the signs of integration, that is, fusion with living tissue [3]. Thus, it turns out that already at this time the first steps were taken in dentistry, but, more surprisingly, also in the field of tissue engineering.

But, you ask, how can dentistry and tissue engineering be related, apart from the fact that several thousand years ago an Egyptian valued his smile so much that he replaced a lost tooth with someone else's? They very well may, because at the moment there is no panacea for treating a patient who has been diagnosed with partial or complete adentia , that is, lack of teeth. In addition, the loss of even one tooth leads to changes not only in aesthetic parameters, but, more importantly, to disruption of primary food processing and deterioration of speech. We should also not forget that when teeth are lost - whether as a result of injury or caries and its complications - the condition of the dental system as a whole changes, which worsens the prognosis and complicates further treatment.

In order to compensate for the functions of a lost tooth, orthopedic structures and implants are now used (Fig. 2). Still, these are “artificial” substitutes: they lack blood vessels, nerve endings, and receptors. Also one of the most important aspects is the absence of the periodontal ligament in the implant, which until recently was considered the gold standard of treatment for missing teeth.

Figure 2. Structure of the tooth and implant. Natural tooth - tooth. Artificial crown - artificial crown. Gingiva - gums. Implant - implant. Osteointegration - osseointegration. Periodontal ligament - periodontal ligament.

website www.neoclinique.ro

The periodontium is a highly specialized fibrous connective tissue composed of cells and extracellular matrix. It is located between the cement that covers the root of the tooth and the bone tissue that forms the wall of the socket. In humans, the periodontal ligament helps strengthen the tooth in the alveolus, provides mechanical resistance to the effects of chewing forces on the tooth, distributing the applied pressure: the force of all masticatory muscles is no less than 390 kg [4].

What's wrong with the implant?

Firstly, as already described above, there is the absence of the periodontal ligament. The implant is retained due to osseointegration, that is, through an anatomical connection with bone tissue. Unlike a tooth, which has little physiological mobility, an implant is immobile. If a semblance of connective tissue appears around the implant, then this means only one thing - peri-implantitis , that is, an inflammatory process in the bone tissue surrounding the implant. In most cases of this scenario, the implant must be removed [5].

Secondly, the implant cannot be connected into a common structure with the patient’s remaining teeth due to the lack of ligamentous apparatus and the inability to adequately distribute pressure. The principle works here: whoever is stronger is in the dentition. Either the implant will not allow the tooth to move, which will lead to atrophy of periodontal tissue and tooth loss, or the implant will be lost.

Thirdly, each patient has its own anatomical features, and the volume of bone tissue for placing an implant is not always sufficient.

And fourthly, it is important to remember that for the longevity of the implant it is necessary to maintain ideal oral hygiene, which, to put it mildly, is not possible for everyone. Here we return to the previously mentioned problem of peri-implantitis [5]. It turns out to be a kind of vicious circle.

All these disadvantages lead to the search for alternative treatment methods.

One of them could be tissue engineering. In this article, I will try to summarize the recent progress, prospects and main directions of development of dental bioengineering, that is, briefly talk about what it takes to create a tooth.

Own or artificial

Orthopedic structures and implants to some extent compensate for the functions of a lost tooth, but these artificial substitutes lack blood vessels, nerve endings and receptors. In addition, they do not form the periodontal ligament, the layer of connective tissue between the tooth root and the bone that forms the wall of the socket. The periodontium helps secure the tooth in the alveolus and ensures its mechanical stability: the strength of the human chewing muscles is as much as 390 kg, and the ligament distributes this pressure between the teeth.

Unlike a tooth, an implant is immobile, and the development of connective tissue around it often ends in inflammation (peri-implantitis) and requires removal of the artificial tooth. In addition, the implant cannot be connected into one structure with the patient’s teeth precisely because of the inability to adequately distribute pressure due to the absence of periodontal tissue. Finally, an implanted substitute requires a much more careful attitude to oral hygiene, which again brings us back to the main source of our problems, the “human factor”. Obviously, the ideal solution would be the technology of growing real living teeth, rather than transplanting artificial ones. So let's get down to business.

The earliest sign of tooth development is the formation of the dental lamina, a horseshoe-shaped thickening of epithelium that extends along the upper and lower jaws of the embryo. After passing through several stages, it forms the roots of individual teeth. Coordination of this process is ensured by at least four epithelial signaling centers, the cells of which secrete substances that regulate tooth formation.

All of the above will also be useful to us for creating new teeth using tissue engineering methods. The “recipe” for growing any biological tissue requires three basic components: stem cells, an extracellular matrix (the scaffold that provides support for developing cellular structures) and, finally, growth factors, combined into the signaling pathways necessary for tooth development. Let's go in order and start with the main characters - stem cells that have odontogenic competence and are capable of developing into dental tissue.

Where do teeth come from, or odontogenesis in vivo?

Naturally, before understanding bioengineering, you need to understand how a tooth initially develops in the human body.

The formation of teeth is a rather complex process, which is accompanied by tissue interaction and controlled by a huge number of signaling molecules (Fig. 3) [6].

Figure 3. Stages of tooth development. During tooth development, the tooth goes through the following stages: placode, bud, cap, bell, root development and eruption. Tooth formation begins in the area of the dental plate, which consists of mesenchymal cells and invaginated epithelium. At the first stage, a tooth germ is formed from the dental plate (placode stage). During the cap stage, the primary enamel node is formed, and at the bell stage, secondary enamel nodes are formed, which form the cusps of future tooth crowns. Here, the epithelial and mesenchymal cells of the tooth embryo differentiate into ameloblasts, odontoblasts and dental follicle cells. Ameloblasts and odontoblasts produce enamel and dentin, respectively. Dental follicle cells differentiate into periodontal tissue cells: periodontal ligament, cementum and alveolar bone.

[7]

The tooth develops from tissues formed by the germ layer ectoderm. By dividing and differentiating, ectoderm cells form the structures necessary for tooth development: the dental epithelium and neural crest, which later transforms into mesenchyme. Tooth formation is initiated and regulated by epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. The earliest sign of tooth development is the formation of the dental lamina, a horseshoe-shaped thickening of the epithelium along the upper and lower jaws. Further stages include placode, bud, cap, bell and root development [6], [7].

The interaction between epithelial and mesenchymal cells plays a major role in tooth development. Why, during the development of the embryo, is it the tooth that is formed, and not another organ, for example, the intestines? The thing is that the cells involved in tooth development have odontogenic competence. The genetic background of odontogenicity, that is, the ability of stem cells to differentiate directly into dental cells, is not fully understood, although more than 200 genes “involved” in tooth development have been identified. Many studies aimed at studying this phenomenon also pay a lot of attention to certain epithelial signaling centers. In total, we currently know about 4 such centers: the dental plate, placode, primary and secondary enamel nodes, the main role of which is the expression of signaling molecules that regulate tooth formation [8], [9].

Dental regeneration practice

This video is a recording of a webinar on the topic How to grow new teeth. In the second part of the webinar, we offer a meditation practice that will help you activate the process of dental restoration.

If you want to continue to engage in dental restoration with the help of our practices, join our VKontakte mailing list, where you will receive invitations to regular free online classes on dental regeneration : https://vk.cc/c7qzzW

Or write to me personally on VKontakte or WhatsApp. I’ll meet you and answer your questions!

Non-Hong Kong "Triad"

Now that we know so much about the origin and development of the tooth, we can move directly to the topic of interest to us - tissue engineering.

Tissue engineering is a set of methods and procedures aimed at the regeneration of biological tissues. It includes a triad of main elements (Fig. 4): stem cells, extracellular matrix or scaffold, growth factors and signaling pathways [10].

Figure 4. Tissue engineering triad. The basis of the tissue engineering triad is stem cells, growth factors and extracellular matrix.

[10]

The goal of tissue engineering is to replace lost cells, tissues and organs, or promote their regeneration, or simply restore impaired function.

Today we hear and read a lot about stem cells. This is a hotly debated branch of science. The information that goes out to consumers, as a rule, is not always objective. What exactly are stem cells, and how and which of them can be used in dental tissue engineering?

Let's get acquainted: stem cells are undifferentiated embryonic or adult (postnatal) cells that are capable of going through a huge number of cell divisions while in an undifferentiated state, as well as forming intermediate cell types - precursors that can differentiate into various cells and create full-fledged tissues and organs (Fig. 5) [10], [11].

Figure 5. Classification of stem cells according to their ability to differentiate. Based on the scale of differentiation, stem cells are divided into totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent and unipotent. Totipotent cells are capable of differentiating into any cell type of an adult organism. Pluripotent cells can produce specialized cells of the three germ layers (ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm), but not the entire organism. Multipotent cells produce a limited range of cell types. Unipotent cells are capable of differentiation into only one type of cell [13].

[11]

The first cell line of embryonic stem cells was isolated back in 1998 [12]. In fact, not so long ago, and from the point of view of the course of history one can say quite recently, but the progress is colossal [10].

Embryonic stem cells are isolated from the blastocyst during embryonic development. They give rise to three germ layers: ecto-, endo- and mesoderm. These cells are totipotent, meaning they can develop into each of the more than 200 cell types in the adult body [10].

There are currently 3 known sources of mammalian embryonic stem cells: cells isolated from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst; teratoma cells and primary germ cells of the embryo [10].

As was previously mentioned, stem cells are not only embryonic, but also postnatal. As for “adult” stem cells, they exist in the body in various tissues, including bone marrow, blood vessels, liver, skin, adipose tissue and dental tissue. They are localized in special niches where their proliferation, migration and life span are regulated. Postnatal stem cells are multipotent, meaning they give rise to only one type of cell.

Dental stem cells are a population of postnatal mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that have the ability to self-renew and differentiate [4], [14]. Depending on the location of the MSC depot (Fig. 6) [15], they are divided into:

pulp stem cells;
apical papilla stem cells;
stem cells from extracted baby teeth;
dental follicle progenitor cells;
periodontal ligament stem cells;
MSCs obtained from the alveolar process;
MSCs of the gums;
progenitor cells (MSCs aimed at differentiation only into a certain type of cell) of the tooth germ.

Figure 6. Dental stem cells. Schematic representation of sources of dental stem cells. For an explanation of the abbreviations, see the box below.

[15]

Abbreviations

WHO World Health Organization MSCs mesenchymal stem cells ECM extracellular matrix ABMSCs alveolar bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells BMP bone morphogenetic protein DFPCs dental follicle progenitor cells DPSCs dental pulp stem cells FGF fibroblast growth factor GMSCs gingival mesenchymal stem cells iPSCs induced pluripotent stem cells PDGF platelet derived growth factor PDLSCs periodontal ligament stem cells SCAP stem cells from the apical part of the human dental papilla SHEDs stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth TGPCs tooth germ progenitor cells germ progenitor cells)
Let's look at some of them.

Pulp stem cells can be quite easily isolated from the pulp of extracted teeth. They represent a very attractive and promising source of autologous stem cells and can be used both for the regeneration of dentin, pulp and cement, and for the restoration of bone tissue [15]. In addition, they exhibit strong neuroregenerative activity, which is of particular value in the treatment of spinal cord injuries: pulp MSCs, in addition to suppressing the early inflammatory response, inhibit the apoptosis of neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes after injury, which leads to the preservation of the nerve fiber and myelin sheath. They have also been found to promote the regeneration of severed axons. Thus, scientists hypothesize that pulp MSCs could provide significant therapeutic benefits in the treatment of spinal cord injury [16].

Stem cells from extracted primary teeth are a postnatal population of stem cells with high proliferative capacity, high viability, and the potential for multilineage differentiation (e.g., into osteoblasts, neuronal cells, and odontoblasts) [15].

Gum mesenchymal stem cells are ideal for restoring damaged periodontal tissue, muscles and even tendons. But it is not yet entirely clear whether they are capable of forming dentin and pulp cells [15].

Tooth germ progenitor cells are a relatively new population of stem cells that were discovered in the mesenchyme of the third molar germ at the bell stage. They show the same multilevel differentiation as other dental MSCs, including the ability to differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts, odontoblasts, chondrocytes and neurons, and can also differentiate into cells with the morphological, phenotypic and functional characteristics of hepatocytes. Hence, it is assumed that this type of stem cells can be used in the future to treat liver diseases [15].

Thus, each type of dental stem cells has its own characteristics and areas of application not only in dentistry, but also in other areas of medicine.

In addition to the MSCs described above, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from somatic cells are also used in tissue engineering. They were first discussed in 2006, when Japanese scientists Kazutoshi Takahashi and Shinya Yamanaka showed that somatic cells can be reprogrammed into iPSCs by increasing the expression of certain transcription factors (Oct3/4, Sox2 and Klf4) [17], [18]. These cells themselves are immunologically neutral and, just as importantly, do not raise the same ethical controversy as embryonic stem cells. However, viral agents were used to reprogram them, which could lead to the formation of neoplasms [19]. There were attempts to use chemical molecules instead of viruses [20], but, unfortunately, the percentage of successful reprogramming turned out to be small. New methods for obtaining iPSCs are now being developed, since their application looks quite attractive and very promising.

Comments

Can you tell us in more detail about Norbekov’s technique? What kind of gymnastics and breathing exercises are they? I heard something about this doctor, but I can’t remember. Very interesting!

Natalya (04/02/2021 at 09:59) Reply to comment

What's wrong with a person visualizing new teeth? there will be no harm from it!

Karina (04/12/2021 at 15:00) Reply to comment

Editorial staff of the portal UltraSmile.ru (04/14/2021 at 10:22 am) Reply to comment

I would like to see growing teeth actually become a reality in the future. Are there any studies by Russian scientists on this topic or are only foreign clinics doing this so far?

Angela (05/11/2021 at 09:12) Reply to comment

I would like to know more information about the Stolbov method. Is it true that he himself managed to grow 17 new teeth? Is there any supporting evidence about his method? Or is this just a figment of his imagination?

Anastasia (05/11/2021 at 14:52) Reply to comment

Can you tell me if this technique is a psychosamatic technique? Or are there any other methods of influence? Or maybe I just misunderstood something? Please help me figure this out)

Elena (05/11/2021 at 08:24 pm) Reply to comment

About 10 years ago I read in a scientific article that they began to grow artificial teeth using 3D printers that are not rejected by the body. How common is this technology now?

Igor (09/24/2021 at 01:12 pm) Reply to comment

Write your comment Cancel reply

What does it cost us to build a tooth?

To use stem cells in tissue engineering, the presence of a scaffold and growth factors is required (Fig. 7). An ideal scaffold should support cell attachment, migration, proliferation, and spatial organization.

Figure 7. What does it cost us to build a tooth?

website dentistry.tamhsc.edu

Basically, a scaffold as a suitable matrix for tissue reconstruction should meet the following requirements [21]:

Ease of use.
The presence of pores of a certain shape and size for the diffusion of cells, growth factors, nutrients and removal of waste products.
The ability to biodegrade, which occurs at a certain time without releasing toxins.
Biocompatibility with body tissues.
Low immunogenicity.
Ability to be replaced by regenerating tissue and vascularization.
Good physical and mechanical properties.

The materials used to form scaffolds are divided into natural and synthetic (Fig. [22]. Bioactive glass, polylactic acid, various composites (multicomponent materials based on a matrix based on metal, polymer or ceramic) - all these are synthetic materials. Despite the fact that these materials make it possible to produce scaffolds of the required shape, their use is very limited due to unsatisfactory biocompatibility and toxicity. Among the biomaterials (natural materials) used to create scaffolds, collagen, chitosan, and hyaluronic acid can be distinguished. They consist of macromolecules that They are also part of the extracellular matrix, therefore they are biocompatible and highly biodegradable, but they are less durable and can cause rejection reactions [21].

Figure 8. 3D scaffold of mouse and human teeth. a — Lower central incisor of a mouse. b — Human lower first molar. 3D reconstruction and bioprinting were used. Material: hydroxyapatite and polycaprolactone. Microchannels (d = 200 nm) into which MSCs and growth factors are introduced ( c and d ) are visualized.

[22]

The most suitable scaffold that meets most requirements is either a scaffold derived from extracellular matrix ( ECM scaffold ) or its analogue. Due to their identity with the extracellular matrix, such scaffolds are able to provide the best interaction with cells and growth factors. Dental MSCs, such as pulp and periodontal stem cells, when cultivated in ECM scaffolds, underwent differentiation in the odontogenic direction. After implantation of this scaffold, the pulp was formed [10], [23].

In addition to the scaffold and stem cells, a link is needed that connects them, which would regulate tissue growth. These can be growth factors, certain genes, and interfering RNAs [7].

Growth factors are peptide molecules that transmit signals to control cellular behavior and interact with specific receptors on the surface of cells [24]. They provide interconnection and interaction between cells and the extracellular matrix. Following cell damage, the secretion of growth factors begins, which subsequently trigger the processes of regeneration and angiogenesis. An example of the “work” of growth factors in a tooth is the formation of secondary and tertiary dentin, which occurs when the carious cavity is close to the dental pulp or when teeth are subject to increased abrasion. Key growth factors during tooth development include bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and fibroblast growth factor (FGF). They are primarily used in dental tissue engineering [25–27]. Both cells and nanoparticles, as well as the scaffold itself, can be used to deliver growth factors.

The recipe is ready

That's all, in short, what is needed to create teeth. Thus, the recipe for creating a tooth looks something like this:

Stem cells - assorted
Scaffold is a natural product
Growth factors - to taste

Regenerative medicine technologies are progressing incredibly quickly. And now, probably, the most basic provisions for dental tissue engineering have already been developed. They all stem from our knowledge of the cellular and molecular basis of tooth development. We understand that the best result in tooth bioengineering can be achieved only in the presence of two types of cells, and not one: these are both epithelial cells and mesenchymal cells (where would we be without them?) [28]. However, you cannot build a tooth on cells alone. Thus, the role of growth factors and extracellular matrix cannot be excluded here. Fortunately, science does not stand still, and new provisions are being actively developed. Perhaps, in the near future, the treasury of knowledge called “dental tissue engineering” will be replenished with another equally valuable “coin”.

But, despite all the promising potential of tissue engineering in dentistry, there are still problems to be solved related to the conduct of clinical trials, the innervation and blood supply of the bioengineered tooth, its ligamentous apparatus, the timing of its eruption, as well as the choice of a pool of stem cells and technology for working with them , and a number of other equally pressing tasks [10], [29].

As for the most basic thing, namely stem cells: in the experiments performed (it is worth noting that almost all of them were carried out on mice), they mainly used embryonic stem cells. But in the clinic their use is sharply limited, including by law. Therefore, only postnatal stem cells remain (not counting iPSCs, where things are also not calm), and here we face the following snag: unlike mice, humans lack a niche of dental stem cells, which is why our teeth do not have the ability to constantly grow. Those MSCs that are suitable for use cannot be obtained without damaging the tooth, or even more so if the tooth was previously treated endodontically, that is, with pulp removal. Those to which access is open do not have odontogenic competence, for example, gingival MSCs. This is just one of the dilemmas that remain to be resolved (Fig. 9).

Figure 9. The fight for healthy teeth for humanity.

website accuratedentistry.net

Techniques for growing new teeth

There are several ways to grow new teeth. These are the original methods of such authors as Petrov, Shichko, Norbekov.

All these methods are different from each other. But all regeneration techniques have common points. They use mental teleportation through time. Researchers suggest that a person be transported to a time when all his baby teeth have already fallen out, but his molars are still intact, they are strong and healthy.

For a better effect of time transfer, the authors suggest using your photographs taken in your youth.

Also, all methods involve working with the energy-information field. The object that needs to be restored must be very accurately visualized and mentally transferred to the desired location.

All techniques require daily or even hourly mental attention to the desired place on the jaw.

In addition to psychological exercises, the authors also suggest physical stimulation. This includes massage with a toothbrush, jaw training, etc.

The effectiveness of all methods, according to the authors, depends on the characteristics of the psyche, the level of conviction in the reality of the result, the strength of intention, and the ability to talk with one’s body.

Classical medicine considers such techniques to be quackery. At the same time, it is impossible to find an explanation for the miraculous phenomena when people grew new teeth.

Forward to the future!

Of course, there is no doubt that dental bioengineering will soon become an integral part of standard protocols for the treatment of dental lesions. It is possible that regenerative dentistry techniques will allow us to create a complete dentogingival complex. It is important to remember that methods developed in accordance with the requirements and objectives of dental bioengineering will be able to spur the development of new approaches to the regeneration of other tissues and organs and thus contribute to progress not only in dentistry, but also in the field of regenerative medicine in general. Well, forward to the future!