What antibiotics should I take after wisdom tooth removal?

Main activities after extraction

As soon as the tooth is removed, the doctor treats the empty socket and places a cotton swab soaked in the medicinal composition into it. In some cases, stitches may be required. On the recommendation of the dentist, the tampon is removed several hours after the manipulations.

During this time period, it is forbidden to eat, smoke, drink, talk, that is, it is better not to open your mouth at all. You should also not touch the hole with your fingers or insert foreign objects into it. To disinfect (disinfect) the oral cavity, you should use Furacilin, Miramistin, Chlorhexidine, Chlorophyllipt.

Important! To prevent postoperative bleeding, you should not bend over, lift heavy objects, visit saunas, or take hot baths.

Upon completion of the extraction, patients can be prescribed antibacterial compounds in various dosage forms - tablets, capsules, drops, local solutions and applications

Indications for antibiotic therapy

Antibiotics after tooth extraction are prescribed if the operation was carried out against the background of a purulent-inflammatory process in the socket, on the mucous membrane or gum (for example, gingivitis, periodontitis). In case of flux with a cyst, an antibiotic should be taken to stop the inflammatory process and stop the growth and reproduction of its causative agents - pathogenic bacteria.

Important! Antibiotics after tooth extraction do not cope with pain, swelling and swelling, so they are supplemented with anti-inflammatory and antihistamines. If extraction was necessary for prosthetics or installation of braces (rarely practiced), it is enough to treat the oral cavity with antiseptic solutions. It would be advisable to take antibiotics after tooth extraction only if there are symptoms of an inflammatory process.

It is necessary to take antibiotics after wisdom tooth removal in the following cases:

Antibiotics for tooth flux

• infection of a postoperative wound (poor oral hygiene, stones, a large number of teeth affected by caries);
• suppuration;
• the area of ​​the wound surface exceeds 1 cm2;
• immune failure in the body;
• diabetes mellitus (the course of this disease is accompanied by slow wound healing).

In addition, taking antibiotics after wisdom tooth removal is required if the wound bleeds; in parallel, the surgeon performed an intervention on the bone tissue; osteoplastic materials were used to avoid rejection.

Side effects

Long-term use of antibiotics may cause side effects

Their manifestation can be triggered by incorrect selection and prescription of the drug, as well as if the rules for its use have been violated.

The pharmacodynamics of antibiotics is based on the absorption of the active substances of the drug by the intestines, followed by its distribution throughout all tissues of the body.

The active substances of the antibiotic undergo breakdown in liver cells and, together with bile, feces and urine, are excreted from the body.

With long-term use of the drug, the following side effects may occur:

• Development of dysbacteriosis or candidiasis.
• Attacks of nausea.
• Vomiting.
• Inflammatory processes in the oral cavity.
• Allergic dermatitis on the skin of the body and face.
• Minor vascular bleeding in the oral cavity.
• Kidney and liver dysfunction.
• Weakening of the body's protective functions.

Important! If side effects occur, you should immediately stop taking the drug and replace it as prescribed by your doctor.

How to select medications

The answer to the question of whether you need to take antibiotics after tooth extraction has been received. Now it is necessary to find out what means should be taken in this or that case. The selection of a drug for a child or adult patient is carried out based on the general condition of the patient’s body, the presence (absence) of an allergic reaction to certain medications, the localization and degree of the inflammatory process.

Antibiotics after tooth extraction must meet the following requirements:

• medicinal components must penetrate well not only into the gum tissue, but also into the bone tissue;
• ensuring a cumulative effect for prolonged action of the drug;
• maintain the required concentration for at least 8 hours so that the patient can conveniently take medications (not “get out of line” with the therapy regimen);
• Aerobic and anaerobic microflora must be susceptible to the antibiotic;
• minimum side effects, minor toxic effects on the body;
• the product must be suitable for outpatient treatment.

Inflammatory processes, bacterial infections, and other associated dental problems are the main indications for antibiotic therapy after tooth extraction

What drugs do doctors prescribe?

Many different drugs offered by modern medicine are used in dental practice as a post-operative intervention. People have most likely heard about many antibacterial drugs from advertising, but not all of them can help. Below are the drugs that doctors most often recommend using after removal of the figure eight.

• Wisdom tooth hurts

Table. Review of the most common drugs.

All of the above drugs have an analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect on the body. These are potent drugs, so you should not take them on your own. Otherwise, serious complications may arise in the form of other pathologies.

View of the socket of an extracted wisdom tooth

Video: Antibiotics after tooth extraction

Drugs

What antibiotics to take after tooth extraction: the list of the most common drugs in this drug group includes Amoxil, Ampisid, Clerimed, Sulcef, Sparfloxacin. Which antibiotic is best to eliminate postoperative complications: Amoxiclav, Arlet, Vilprafen, Oflocain, Cefazolin.

Thus, the well-known name Amoxiclav belongs to an antibacterial drug that is prescribed for purulent-inflammatory processes at the site of extraction. Sumamed enjoys undeserved popularity among modern dentists - this remedy copes well with urinary and respiratory tract infections, but is practically useless for infections of the oral cavity.

Tsifran - this drug demonstrates high rates of effectiveness if extraction was carried out against the background of other dental problems (including active inflammation). If a fungal infection is added to the bacterial infection, antibiotic therapy is supplemented with Nystatin tablets, Amphotericin ointment, and Tetracycline.

In rare cases, sepsis may develop after tooth extraction. This pathological process is often a consequence of immunodeficiency conditions, poor blood clotting, poor oral hygiene and patient non-compliance with dentist recommendations.

After tooth extraction

After tooth extraction: how to speed up recovery

Tooth extraction can be indicated even for those who take care of hygiene, regularly brush their teeth, and are not susceptible to any dental diseases.
The reason for extraction may be improper growth of teeth - dystopic or impacted elements of the dentition must be removed. Supernumerary teeth should always be removed. As for teeth affected by caries or moving elements in patients with periodontal disease, the decision is made individually, based on the specifics of the clinical case. In this publication we talk about what to do after tooth extraction - how to properly care for the oral cavity, what medications to take, what to eat, whether you can drink alcohol, smoke and play sports.

How to eat properly?

After tooth extraction, the restriction on food intake lasts for a very short time. In fact, you will be able to eat your next meal almost immediately after returning home from the dental clinic. It is recommended to abstain from food for two, maximum, three hours. After this, it’s time to replenish the energy and nutrients that are needed for quick and complete healing of the wound.

You can drink even earlier - within an hour and a half after tooth extraction, you can drink a glass of mineral water or yogurt. We recommend giving up sweet soda, tea and coffee for a couple of days.

The next important question is what to eat? It is advisable to eat liquid or pureed food. The chewing load should be kept to a minimum, and therefore it is better to avoid beef steak, which requires careful and prolonged chewing. A good choice would be soup, mashed potatoes, oatmeal, omelet, cottage cheese, buckwheat porridge. If you want to add meat to your diet, first pass it through a meat grinder (in finished form).

Now let's talk about how to eat correctly? The recommendation is logical and expected - you need to chew food on the healthy side. Food particles should not get into the wound or damage the blood clot, which is an important element of healing.

When to remove a tampon?

After dental extraction, the dentist will apply a gauze pad to the wound. This will reduce bleeding and promote blood clot formation. The problem is that very soon this tampon will turn into an ideal source of nutrients for microorganisms living in the oral cavity. Simply put, it will become a breeding ground for infection.

If the tampon has not yet been removed at the dental clinic, do so immediately after returning home. Just remove the tampon carefully, otherwise there is a high risk of tearing out a blood clot from the hole. In order to properly remove a tampon, pull it not strictly up (or down), but to the side, with smooth loosening movements. This way you are guaranteed to avoid troubles that are possible when removing a clot from the hole.

What should I do if, after removing the tampon, blood continues to come out of the socket? Make the same tampon yourself, soak it in an antiseptic and apply it to the gum in the area of ​​the hole for a couple of hours. For hypertensive patients, we recommend measuring your blood pressure. High blood pressure can cause bleeding from the socket, and therefore, if the systolic or diastolic pressure increases, you should take antihypertensive drugs prescribed by your cardiologist.

How to reduce swelling?

Simple tooth extraction is accompanied by minimal tissue trauma, but in the process of complex extraction, bone damage is much more noticeable to the body. The response to this damage may be swelling of the gums, cheeks and even half of the face on the side of the operation (tooth extraction - a surgical dental procedure).

To minimize swelling, apply cold compresses to your cheek. It's important not to overdo it here. Applications should be short-term - no longer than five minutes. Then you should take a break for about 10-20 minutes and apply the cold to your cheek again. Repeat the procedure 3-5 times. Please note that compresses are effective only in the first hours after dental extraction; there is no point in using them later.

An effective measure against edema is to take antihistamines, which are available without a prescription. These medications reduce the release of inflammatory mediators (the main one being histamine) and thereby prevent the development of edema. You need to take antihistamines (diazolin, suprastin) once a day for two or three days.

What you definitely should not do after tooth extraction is to heat the area of ​​the surgical wound. Do not apply heating pads to your face or take a hot bath or hot shower. Of course, visiting the bathhouse until complete healing is also prohibited.

What should smokers do?

It is better to abstain from smoking for at least 2-3 days, but few smokers will be able to follow such recommendations after tooth extraction. For those who need to get their regular dose of nicotine, we advise you to wait at least three hours. Nicotine provokes a narrowing of peripheral blood vessels, which impairs the delivery of oxygen and nutrients and slows down the process of tissue regeneration in the socket area.

Alcohol after tooth extraction

Tooth extraction surgery becomes very stressful for most patients. A common way to calm nerves for many is a small portion of alcohol. Is such a measure acceptable after dental extraction?

If the dentist has prescribed a preventive (prophylactic) course of antibiotics, you must abstain from alcoholic beverages throughout the entire period of taking antibacterial drugs. If antibiotics were not prescribed after tooth extraction, you can drink alcohol on the second or third day. It turns out that to relieve stress, in any case, you will have to look for other methods. A good choice is tablets (not tinctures!) herbal-based sedatives, available in a large assortment in pharmacies.

What medications should I take?

Medicines are prescribed by the dentist who performed the extraction. The goal of drug therapy is to reduce pain, prevent inflammation and infection of the socket, and minimize swelling.

Pain after surgery appears 2-3 hours later, when the anesthesia wears off. As a rule, the pain is not very severe, but there is no need to endure it. To reduce discomfort, the doctor will prescribe potent medications. Ketanov in ampoules or its analogues are often prescribed. These drugs, in addition to the analgesic effect, have a strong anti-inflammatory and anti-exudative effect. They not only relieve pain, but also reduce swelling and inflammatory reaction in the socket area.

Antibiotics

Antibiotics after tooth extraction are prescribed in cases where the operation was performed against the background of inflammation, or when there are untreated teeth in the oral cavity that are a source of infection. Simply put, when the risk of wound infection is high. After a complex extraction, including after the removal of a wisdom tooth, antibiotics are almost always prescribed.

The doctor may prescribe you antibiotics in the form of tablets/capsules or solution for intramuscular injection. Antibiotics such as Cefazolin, Cifran, Amoxiclav are often used. It is very important to adhere to the dosages prescribed by the dental surgeon. It is highly undesirable to exceed or independently reduce doses.

The preventive course of antibacterial drugs is designed for 5-7 days. Usually the patient's condition returns to normal by the end of this period. If in the first days, in addition to swelling and pain, you may be concerned about an increase in body temperature up to 38-38.5 degrees, then after a week the symptoms of the postoperative period disappear.

If, a week after extraction, you continue to experience pain, fever, bleeding from the socket, or other symptoms, make an appointment with your doctor!

To reduce swelling, you can take antihistamines, which have already been mentioned. Do not use acetylsalicylic acid or other NSAID drugs that reduce blood clotting. Patients with cardiac pathology who are taking anticoagulants for health reasons should discuss this issue in detail with their doctor.

How to care for your oral cavity?

To prevent infection, the dentist will prescribe not only antibiotics, but also antiseptic solutions that need to be used to rinse the mouth. You should always rinse your mouth with antiseptics, even when the patient is not prescribed antibiotics. After the removal of a wisdom tooth, the recommendation is as relevant as after the extraction of a diseased element of the dentition.

You need to rinse your mouth very carefully, otherwise you may accidentally wash out a blood clot from the postoperative hole. In fact, we are not talking about rinsing, but about a kind of bath with an antiseptic drug (most often, dentists prescribe a solution of chlorhexidine - an effective and inexpensive antiseptic).

Place the solution in your mouth, hold it on the side of the operation, and then carefully spit it out. It is not recommended to swallow the antiseptic, although it is not toxic. You need to repeat such washings 3-4 times a day. It is advisable to do the procedure after meals.

How to brush your teeth? The answer to the question is quite simple - the only recommendation concerns careful cleaning of the teeth on the side of the operation. Continue to brush your teeth as usual, thoroughly cleaning the lingual and vestibular surfaces, but avoid sudden movements and use reasonable caution. And continue to floss with the same amount of caution.

What should you not do after tooth extraction?

Like any operation, tooth extraction imposes certain restrictions on lifestyle. They do not last long - about seven days - but you cannot break the rules, as this is fraught with the development of complications. Follow these guidelines:

• If you play sports, take a break from training for 7 days.
• Do not go to the solarium or bathhouse, do not swim in the pool.
• Don't take hot baths.
• Do not open your mouth too wide (this may result in a blood clot falling out of the socket).
• Do not take acetylsalicylic acid, direct and indirect anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents (except when they are taken for health reasons).

When are stitches removed?

The sutures are not removed, since absorbable suture material is used in dental surgery. After extraction, the doctor sutures the gum above the hole to prevent the blood clot from being washed out and to create an additional barrier against microorganisms. The tooth extraction operation takes place under non-sterile conditions, since it is not possible to completely sanitize the oral cavity (and this will do more harm than good).

In general, the question regarding seams is not as simple as it seems. After wisdom teeth are removed, as well as after complex extractions, sutures are almost always required. But after a simple extraction, some doctors for some reason do not stitch the wound. You can ask the doctor in advance to put one or two stitches. You may have to pay an additional 500 rubles, but this simple measure will help speed up wound healing and significantly reduce the likelihood of complications (alveolitis, infection, socket suppuration).

If you still have questions about the rules of recovery after tooth extraction, ask them during a personal consultation with a medical dentist (Moscow).

Treatment rules

The oral cavity is home to “healthy” rich microflora. Taking antibacterial drugs causes the death of the necessary lacto- and bifidobacteria and leads to a rapid increase in the number of pathogenic strepto-, pneumo-, and staphylococci.

Important! Taking antibiotics for dental diseases harms the microflora of the oral cavity in any case, regardless of which dosage form of the drug was chosen by the attending physician (oral medications, injections, capsules, drops, applications).

Treatment with antibiotics excludes the use of alcoholic beverages, psychotropic, sleeping pills and narcotic drugs. If we are talking about tablets, capsules or local antibiotics, then they are used an hour before or 2 hours after a meal, otherwise the absorption of the drug will be complicated. Take the tablets with warm boiled water.

How many days to take antibiotics: if there is no therapeutic effect after 2-3 days from the start of treatment, the drug must be replaced (or the dosage adjusted). Pregnant and lactating women, children, and patients with chronic diseases can take antibiotics only after consulting a doctor.

Antibiotics do not cope with pain and swelling, so patients who have undergone extraction are additionally prescribed antihistamines, anti-inflammatory and painkillers

Possible complications

Incorrect dosage, non-compliance with the rules for taking medications, as well as incorrectly selected medications can provoke the following unpleasant consequences:

• Alveolitis is an inflammation of the socket of an extracted tooth.
• Periodontitis is an inflammatory process that develops in the soft tissues surrounding the empty socket.
• Flux is inflammation of the periosteum.
• Osteomyelitis is purulent-necrotic processes affecting the jaw bone tissue.

So, in modern dental practice, after tooth extraction, if there are indications (inflammatory processes, certain chronic diseases, problems with blood clotting), it is customary to prescribe antibacterial therapy. Why are such drugs needed?

The main task of antibiotics is to fight pathogenic microflora: pathogens of inflammation, the cause of suppuration and a number of other postoperative complications. Whether it is necessary to take medications is decided in each specific case by the dentist, based on the characteristics of the individual patient’s body and the presence of concomitant dental (systemic) diseases.

Advice for patients

In addition to all of the above, there are general recommendations from dentists during the postoperative period:

1. You should refrain from eating for at least 2-3 hours after surgery. This is the time during which the blood in the wound finally coagulates and the result of the hemostasis system is consolidated.
2. It is advisable to eat soft food for 3 days to avoid injury to the socket of the extracted tooth. It is also advisable to avoid eating too cold or hot food.
3. Alcohol consumption is contraindicated, as it leads to a decrease in local immunity and causes vasodilation, which in turn contributes to the development of postoperative complications.
4. Any procedures that lead to vasodilation are contraindicated, as they may cause bleeding. You should avoid baths, saunas, and prolonged exposure to the sun.
5. It is forbidden to pick at a postoperative wound. This is a direct and sure path to infection with consequences in the form of a severe inflammatory process.

We looked at what antibiotics to take after tooth extraction.

Category: Tooth extraction Published by Mister stomatolog