Human health is a very fragile and unpredictable thing, and diseases often appear out of nowhere. This also applies to oral diseases. If you are faced with such an unpleasant problem as a sore in the mouth, then you would probably like to know how to get rid of it.
The appearance of wounds on the human oral mucosa is usually accompanied by pain and causes discomfort while eating or talking. But many people, despite these symptoms, choose not to seek help from a doctor. Some people simply ignore the problem, while others try to self-treat the disease at home. Both of these approaches give positive results only in rare cases.
The presence of any wounds and damage covering the palate indicates health problems in an adult or child. This situation should not be left to chance; you should seek help from a dentist. Only he will be able to diagnose the disease and prescribe appropriate treatment. If you are concerned about wounds in your mouth, then you can contact the LeaderStom network of dental clinics to solve this problem. We will help you cope with the situation and will make every effort to quickly cure the disease.
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Sores in the mouth as a sign of aphthous stomatitis
Wounds in the mouth can arise as a result of the development in a person of a separate independent disease of the oral mucosa, caused by the growth and development of pathogenic microorganisms. But, in addition, the cause of such wounds may also be hidden in the general somatic condition of an adult or child.
In most cases, mouth ulcers are symptoms of a disease such as canker sores. Stomatitis is a lesion of the human oral mucosa that occurs as a result of an atypical reaction of the immune system to foreign irritants. Depending on the nature and causes of the disease, stomatitis can be of various types: ulcerative, herpetic, allergic, vesicular, etc. But people most often have to deal with the aphthous form of this disease.
Let's name the main symptoms of aphthous stomatitis:
- The appearance of round ulcers (ulcers) in a person’s mouth, which are grayish in color and surrounded by a red, inflamed rim. Ulcers are located either separately or in groups and have different sizes.
- Painful sensations in the affected areas of the upper and lower palate of a person that occur during eating, drinking, or talking.
- Deterioration of a person’s general well-being, weakness.
- Temperature increase. But this is not a mandatory symptom; it occurs in most cases in children, since they are more difficult to tolerate aphthous stomatitis in the oral cavity.
- Enlarged submandibular lymph nodes. This symptom of aphthous stomatitis also occurs more often in children than in adults.
Why does aphthous stomatitis occur?
As noted above, the causes of aphthous wounds in a person’s mouth can be both local and general somatic in nature. Let's look at the main ones.
Local causes of aphthous stomatitis:
- Mechanical damage to the human oral mucosa. Such injuries occur as a result of a person eating hard and tough foods. Often, even a small scratch on the roof of the mouth can cause aphthous stomatitis.
- Thermal lesions of the human oral mucosa. The occurrence of wounds and the development of aphthous stomatitis in this case provoke burns of the mucous membrane, which a person could receive by consuming hot drinks or food.
General somatic causes of wounds in the human oral cavity:
- Heredity factors. The predisposition to the occurrence of aphthous stomatitis in the mouth may be determined by genetic reasons. Therefore, there is a risk of developing this disease and the manifestation of a chronic form of stomatitis (when ulcers on the mucous membrane appear regularly) in people whose parents also suffered from this disease.
- Somatic diseases. Aphthous stomatitis often develops in people who suffer from any secondary somatic diseases. For example, these could be diseases of the digestive system and gastrointestinal tract.
- Weak immunity. For this reason, children are susceptible to oral ulcers because their immunity is not yet fully developed. In a child, aphthous stomatitis is more severe than in an adult and is accompanied by an increase in temperature and a deterioration in general well-being. Against the background of colds, immunity is also often reduced, and aphthous stomatitis occurs in the person’s mouth.
- Avitaminosis. With an incorrect diet, a person does not receive enough substances necessary for the successful functioning of the body. Due to a lack of vitamins C and B or microelements such as selenium, folic acid, zinc or iron, in some cases aphthous stomatitis occurs in a person’s mouth.
- Allergy. An allergic reaction associated with eating foods such as citrus fruits, nuts (especially peanuts), chocolate, red berries (strawberries, wild strawberries) or foods containing gluten (cereals, pasta) in some cases leads to the appearance of canker sores. wound in a person's mouth.
- Stress. When a person finds himself in a stressful situation, he spends significant resources to cope with the current problem. This leads to a loss of strength, decreased immunity and a general weakening of the body, as a result of which wounds form in the person’s mouth and he develops aphthous stomatitis.
Ulcers as local manifestations of general diseases on the oral mucosa
- Oral tuberculosis
is usually a secondary manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis. It occurs as a result of penetration of tuberculosis bacteria into the oral mucosa through damaged epithelium. The membranes of the cheeks, tongue, and floor of the mouth are affected. First, typical tuberculous tubercles are formed, and then, after their disintegration, small ulcers are formed, which increase in size over time. The ulcer itself is not deep, with a loose bottom, which is covered with easily bleeding granulations (young tissue), uneven edges are observed, soft to the touch. With this disease, there is a sharp pain in the ulcer. In addition to the local manifestation in the form of an ulcer, there is a general deterioration in the well-being of patients: emaciation is noted, the amount of plaque on the tongue increases, sweating and body temperature increase. General treatment of tuberculosis of the oral mucosa is carried out in specialized anti-tuberculosis institutions. As for local treatment, in this case, sanitation of the oral cavity is carried out during the period of remission (weakening of the disease), treatment of the mucous membrane with antiseptic and anti-inflammatory agents. - Syphilis
is a chronic infectious disease caused by the so-called Treponema pallidum. All periods of development of this disease (in addition to the incubation period, which lasts 21 - 24 days) are characterized by the presence of ulcers in the oral cavity. At the initial stage of development of the disease, the presence of a painless ulcer is observed, which has a round or oval shape with raised, smooth edges and a cartilage-like specific infiltrate. The bottom of the ulcer is bright red, shiny or covered with a grayish-dark coating. The ulcers heal in 3 to 12 weeks with or without scar formation. Even with tertiary syphilis, there is no sharp pain, as, for example, with a tuberculous ulcer. The ulcer is surrounded by a powerful infiltrate, which is a dense bluish-red ridge that rises above the level of the mucosa. Its edges are smooth, bright red, covered with granulations, and bleed easily. After the ulcer heals, a retracted star-shaped scar forms. This process lasts 3 - 4 months. After the ulcers heal, scars remain, which are a sign of previous syphilis. General treatment of syphilis is carried out in a venereology hospital, local treatment is carried out during the period of remission or recovery (sanitation of the oral cavity, elimination of local traumatic factors). - Acute necrotizing gingivostomatitis
is a viral infectious disease. Most often, ulcers are localized on the mucous membranes of the gums, cheeks, soft palate, arches and tonsils. Favorable factors for the development of this disease are a decrease in the overall resistance of the body, a violation of the integrity of the oral mucosa, and a deficiency of vitamins in the body. There are also cases of this disease occurring against the background of cooling or overwork. It can also be a complication of viral infections, as well as allergic stomatitis. Usually young people (under 30 years of age) are affected, more often men.
Among the symptoms it is necessary to highlight: pain when eating; extremely unpleasant odor from the mouth; increased salivation; elevated body temperature. The gum mucosa becomes swollen, painful, and bleeds when touched. The epithelium of the gingival margin and gingival papillae becomes cloudy. The surface of the gingival margin is covered with a grayish-yellow coating, which is easily removed. The ulcers have soft, uneven edges and are covered with a dirty green coating (with a foul odor), which is easily removed. In this case, a loose bleeding bottom is detected. The surrounding tissues are swollen.
Treatment of necrotizing gingivostomatitis is carried out in accordance with the general condition of the body, taking into account its location and severity of the lesion. In moderate and severe stages of the disease, broad-spectrum antibiotics are prescribed, as well as drugs that prevent or reduce the manifestation of allergies. At any stage of development of the disease, vitamins C and P, high-calorie foods, juices are prescribed, and in some cases, according to indications, taking cardiac medications.
Local treatment is carried out under anesthesia (removal of necrotic tissue). The oral cavity is treated with warm solutions of antiseptics and anti-inflammatory drugs. The ulcer is also sprinkled with white clay powder. After acute inflammation has been relieved, professional oral hygiene is carried out.
Mouth ulcers can also form due to HIV (gum ulceration occurs in approximately 30% of people infected with HIV). How to cure mouth ulcers in this case? Treatment is specific and carried out by infectious disease doctors. Dental care is provided in all dental institutions with careful adherence to safety precautions.
Prevention of all of the above oral diseases consists of eliminating the causes of their occurrence. For example, to prevent infectious diseases that manifest themselves on the oral mucosa, such as syphilis, measures are necessary that prevent infection from entering the body. In other cases, wellness measures are very important, which include systematic independent and professional oral hygiene, which is offered by almost all dental clinics in Moscow.
How to get rid of sores in the mouth?
Stomatitis wounds that occur in the human mouth, in most cases, heal on their own within 7-10 days after formation. But timely treatment of aphthous stomatitis is necessary in order to prevent the formation of ulcers on the human oral mucosa again. The fact is that the acute form of stomatitis, which is characterized by the sudden appearance of wounds of various sizes on the upper and lower palate in a person’s mouth, if the problem is ignored or the wrong treatment is carried out, tends to develop into a chronic form of the disease. Wounds in the oral cavity with chronic stomatitis appear periodically and bother a person from time to time throughout life.
To exclude the possibility of aphthous stomatitis ulcers reoccurring, dentists perform the following treatment:
Local therapy
. It involves treating wounds on the oral mucosa with antiseptic agents: gels, ointments or sprays. During this treatment of stomatitis, a person is prescribed daily rinses with solutions such as furatsilin, chlorhexidine, miramistin, etc.
General therapy.
It includes a set of measures to cure this disease and at the same time strengthen the body. To strengthen the body, the doctor prescribes immunomodulatory drugs and vitamin courses to the person. To combat aphthous stomatitis, different drugs are used, depending on the nature of the disease and the causes of its occurrence: antihistamines, antivirals, steroids or antibiotics.
The selection of funds for the treatment of wounds with aphthous stomatitis is carried out only by a doctor and occurs after a visual examination of the person’s oral cavity, conducting the necessary diagnostic tests and making a diagnosis. The LeaderStom Clinic offers to use the services of our experienced doctors to carry out these operations.
The main causes of sores on the tongue
The main reasons for the development of pathology are:
- Diseases of the oral cavity (various types of stomatitis, Bandar's ulcers).
- Injuries to the mucous tissue in the mouth.
- Severe diseases (necrotizing gingivostomatitis, tuberculosis, syphilis, HIV, cancer).
The mucous membrane can be damaged in the following cases:
- using a hard toothbrush;
- the presence of a pointed edge of a tooth or filling;
- accidental tongue biting;
- consumption of a food product or medicine that can provoke the development of irritation in the oral cavity;
- the presence of low-quality dentures or braces.
During pregnancy, stomatitis can occur as a result of hormonal imbalance.
What can be done to prevent sores in the mouth from appearing again?
Completing a course of timely treatment for aphthous stomatitis will reduce the risk of a similar disease of the human oral mucosa in the future, but in some cases it will not completely eliminate this possibility. This especially applies to situations where a person has a hereditary tendency to develop aphthous sores in the mouth, suffers from autoimmune diseases, and is prone to allergies.
In such cases, preventive measures are required:
- Enhanced oral hygiene. It involves not only daily brushing of a person’s teeth and gums twice a day, but also rinsing the oral mucosa with solutions of antiseptics or medicinal herbs in order to prevent stomatitis.
- Balanced diet. Reviewing the diet and diet will help saturate the human body with essential vitamins and microelements and reduce the risk of allergies that can cause aphthous wounds in the human mouth.
- Taking vitamin complexes. If it is not possible to compensate for the lack of nutrients in the body with nutrition, then to prevent stomatitis a person can regularly take vitamin complexes, the composition of which, doses and duration of administration will be determined by your attending physician, based on the results of the tests.
- Taking immunomodulatory drugs. Today, there are many remedies that stimulate the immune system and encourage the body to resist diseases. They can be either of plant origin or synthesized in the laboratory. The selection of such drugs is individual for each person and is carried out by a doctor.
- Compliance with preventive measures, timely treatment of the disease and following the recommendations of the attending physician will help a person avoid relapses of aphthous stomatitis and the reappearance of wounds in the mouth in the future. Be attentive to yourself and your health, listen to the signals that your body gives, and at the first signs of disease in the oral mucosa, seek help from a dentist.
You should not self-medicate stomatitis and use the advice of friends or information found on the Internet, since the exact cause of sores in the mouth and stomatitis can only be identified through diagnostic methods. And the selection of treatment is determined in accordance with the diagnosis, and in each case it is individual. Dentistry "LeaderStom" offers its assistance in the treatment of aphthous stomatitis and other diseases of the oral mucosa. Contact us and we will help you identify the cause of the disease and select medications accordingly.
