Trema - spaces between teeth - are normal in preschool children due to the natural process of growth and replacement of baby teeth. Gaps occur because baby teeth are small and a child's jaw is growing - meaning gaps between teeth are part of the life cycle of a person's teeth.
This is a normal condition for baby teeth.
However, with a permanent dentition this is both an aesthetic and an orthodontic problem.
- The teeth are loosely spaced and do not have sufficient support, so they are more prone to loosening due to the stress of chewing. The risk of gum pockets, exposed tooth necks, and periodontitis increases.
- Food particles get into the teeth and remain there (especially if you don’t brush your teeth well enough), causing the formation of plaque, and then tartar.
- Hard pieces of food can get between your teeth and injure your gums.
- Diction may be impaired, especially for the sounds [c], [w]. Speech will become whistling.
Therefore, as with other defects in the location of teeth, there is a rule: first of all, this is a violation that requires treatment, and only then an aesthetic defect.
Several reasons for the formation of three
- Partial edentia. If some teeth are missing, the extra space in the row of teeth causes teeth to appear. The most common congenital absence of the second incisors in the upper jaw, then fangs are pulled in their place. Due to the difference in shape, these teeth cannot touch tightly, so there are almost always gaps between them.
In place of incisors - fangs
- Partial loss (removal) of permanent teeth.
- Anomaly in the size and shape of teeth (small teeth) and disturbances in their location.
- Biting tongue, lips. If this habit develops during the development of the permanent dentition, it can cause the teeth to become incorrectly positioned.
- Wide and low attached frenulum of the upper lip. Promotes the appearance of a diastema - a gap between the upper incisors.
Diastema
Types and symptoms
The main symptom of this pathology is the presence of a visible distance between adjacent teeth.
Depending on the cause, diseases are divided into two groups: physiological and pathological. Each group has its own characteristics of manifestation and methods of treatment.
Physiological
This group includes those types of pathology that occur in childhood during the period of change of temporary teeth to permanent ones . The main reason for this phenomenon is considered to be the active growth of bones, including the jaw.
Pathology is characterized by the presence of gaps in the anterior and lateral parts of the dentition, including the premolar. The interdental distance can reach 3–5 mm. The teeth have a standard width and height.
Basically, the anomaly disappears after the formation of a new row of permanent teeth .
Pathological
Tremas of the pathological type develop only after the complete formation of the dentition and permanent occlusion.
Since there are many reasons for the appearance of pathological symptoms, the symptoms will depend on the provoking factor.
The only common symptom for this group is a constant increase in gaps , which become more pronounced with age.
Fix three
The treatment plan depends on which malocclusion the three are combined with: for example, an open bite is a fairly serious pathology, and its correction takes up to a year and a half.
It is impossible to correct only trema, as this will lead to even greater disruption of the contacts between the teeth, so it is necessary to carry out complex treatment.
Doctors do not recommend eliminating trema using veneers or dental restoration. In fact, this is only concealing the disorder, and not treating it - all associated problems will remain and continue to get worse.
Are aligners suitable?
In most cases, clear aligners are suitable for correcting malocclusion, so they can be chosen as an alternative to braces.
The result of treatment with Star Smile aligners can be simulated and seen using 3D visualization on a computer. Here's an example of what it looks like:
Thanks to such visualization, it is clearly visible what result can be achieved, and the treatment period is also known in advance.
The trems themselves contract very quickly. Therefore, the duration of treatment depends more on what disorders accompany them.
How to deal with trema?
The good news is that trema can be corrected. First of all, the dentist examines the patient’s teeth, determines the cause of the defect, and then prescribes treatment. For example, if an open bite is to blame, you need to start by correcting this pathology.
In general, in modern dentistry the following methods are used to treat three:
- artistic dental extensions;
- special orthodontic devices;
- braces;
- mouth guards;
- veneers and lumineers;
- installation of a crown.
The dentist will determine which of these methods is right for you. The main thing is not to neglect the problem and seek help from a specialist in time. After all, if the external manifestation of trema can be made your highlight, then dental diseases can hardly be called a plus.
Star Smile offers you a free consultation with an orthodontist to correct three in your city!
And it's not a joke.
The Star Smile company is represented by certified orthodontists in more than 70 cities of Russia and we can offer you a unique opportunity - to simulate your future treatment result in three BEFORE it begins. If you like it, you can decide for yourself which way you want to correct the tremors - with aligners or another alternative method. And do you need to correct the three? Since Star Smile is a leading Russian manufacturer of mouth guards for teeth straightening, our prices for treatment of three teeth are truly the most comfortable for you. And the consultation is free. Would you like us to sign you up for a free consultation on correcting three in your city?
What is trema
Trema between teeth is also observed in many people. Its main difference from a diastema is only in its location. Trema also denotes the interval between teeth, but is located in a different place in the dentition. For example, between the lateral incisor and the canine, the canine and the premolar, etc. With a normal structure, the value of this distance in an adult is up to 0.7 mm. If the gap is more than 1 mm, then the doctor will diagnose “trema”.
Treatment: how to get rid of gaps between teeth
There are surgical and therapeutic methods for correcting interdental clefts. Of course, it is preferable to use therapy - this area is dealt with by an orthodontist. The duration of achieving the final result is first discussed with the patient, that is, whether the diastema needs to be removed urgently or within a few months. The price of therapy also plays a significant role.
Let's consider all treatment methods:
- braces: this is the name given to metal, ceramic or sapphire devices that are attached to the teeth for several months in order to form a correct bite, that is, to shift the position of the teeth. The main approach to the treatment of such pathologies, the cost starts from 25 thousand rubles. Suitable for treating numerous three in a row,
- aligners or silicone aligners: alternatives to braces. Also suitable for multiple triplets. Price – from 180 thousand rubles per complex,
- filling or closing with a composite material: the gap between the frontal incisors is corrected with a filling material using the method of artistic restoration of a diastema. The price starts from 4,000 rubles per tooth. This and the methods described below are not used for three, since we are talking only about restoring the aesthetics of the frontal area,
- veneers for diastema: ceramic onlays 0.5-0.7 mm thick. These microprostheses have been used for decades and rightfully hold the palm in terms of the quality of restored smile aesthetics. However, to install them you need to grind down your own enamel, which is not suitable for every patient. Veneers last 10-15 years. The price of 1 element starts from 15 thousand rubles,
- lumineers (these are also plates, but thinner - about 0.2 mm thick). Their advantages are quick and almost painless installation, without grinding down the enamel. Cost – from 30 thousand rubles for 1 record. But such a restoration is only suitable for ideal teeth. Correction by this method is not used if the width of the diastema is more than 7 mm,
- carbon retainers: used in children to tighten the frontal incisors. Installed for a period of 12 months.
As for installing braces and aligners, see an orthodontist. It is imperative to contact him if a child has gaps in a row, regardless of the bite - whether it is milk or permanent. It is important to start treatment as early as possible so that there are no problems in adulthood.
For crowns, veneers or lumineers, you need to contact an orthopedic dentist (also called a prosthetist). These techniques are justified in situations where, apart from cracks, no other bite pathologies are present. And, accordingly, there are no complications.
“Last year I decided to get a filling in place of the gap. I didn't like the way my smile looked, even though my parents and boyfriend said it gave me charm. What can I say – the procedure was not very long, a little over an hour. At first, the filling bothered me; I wanted to push it out with my tongue. But after a couple of weeks I stopped feeling discomfort. But now I really like the reflection in the mirror!”
Oksana I., review from the site irecommend.ru
Surgical methods for treating pathology include the following (they are carried out only in the presence of truly complex pathologies):
- corticostomy: correction of the palatal suture, required if the suture between the central incisors is filled with connective and bone tissue. It is performed under anesthesia. An unpleasant procedure, especially for children. Long-term rehabilitation,
- removal of primary incisors: if their size is very large. The permanent incisors grow to a normal size.
Reviews
Eliminating gaps is an extraordinary task that does not tolerate a formulaic approach. Its solution is approached individually and professionally, so that the chosen technique does not provoke complications and does not affect the health and functioning of the organs of the jaw row and the oral cavity as a whole.
If you are familiar with this situation firsthand and are looking for a solution to this problem, you can share your opinion about eliminating the defect in the “comments” section. Perhaps your thoughts or advice will be useful to someone.
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Prevention
It is important to understand that, in principle, there are no specific measures through which the development of this defect can be avoided.
All generally accepted methods of personal hygiene and oral care, care for maintaining the health and integrity of teeth, achieved by their timely treatment at the slightest suspicion of disease, remain in force.
Dental control, a healthy lifestyle, proper, balanced nutrition - that’s probably all that is meant by the prevention of pathological trema.
In the video, see whether it is worth getting rid of gaps between teeth and why.
Diagnosis of diseases
During a visit to the dentist, the doctor must correctly establish a diagnosis in order to determine the severity of the case, plan further actions and select a method of correction. In some cases, a visual inspection is not enough. Then the orthodontist will refer the patient for an x-ray or tomography. Here it is important to exclude or confirm the presence of bone tissue in the problem area. The image will also allow you to see the location of the roots in the jaw and detect underdeveloped tooth buds.
Tremas and diastemas - what is the difference?
Tremas and diastemas are approximately the same thing - gaps between teeth, the dimensions of which are beyond normal limits. The main difference between these pathologies is the location of the gaps.
Important! Diastemas are spaces between the central incisors that can occur on both dentitions. Trema can form anywhere, both in front and on the sides. They also affect both the lower and upper teeth.
Many people have dental defects such as diastemas and trema. According to statistics, almost every fifth person has an abnormally wide gap between the teeth. Most often they form on the upper dentition. Units in the lower row are less susceptible to this pathology. For most people, trema and diastema cause absolutely no concern. They live quietly, not paying any attention to this defect. And some, on the contrary, are even proud of such a gap, considering it an integral element of their image. Such people are not shy about smiling and showing their teeth to others. But most owners of three teeth between teeth still consider this a significant drawback and strive to get rid of it as soon as possible. Modern dentistry allows you to easily eliminate the defect, making your smile beautiful. In addition, dentists themselves recommend their patients to have their teeth corrected to avoid various problems.
How to prevent a gap in a child: prevention of diastemas
Diastema rarely occurs due to external causes, so it is difficult to prevent its occurrence. But in any case, it is important to follow the rules in order to notice violations in the early stages:
- regularly visit a doctor, both a dentist and an orthodontist;
- wean the child from thumb sucking and other objects;
- Eat well, including in your diet the required amount of foods with calcium, magnesium, fluorine, phosphorus, vitamins D, A, C.
The earlier the diagnosis is made, the easier it is to solve the problem. In adulthood, prevention consists of visiting a doctor in a timely manner and wearing braces, if required. It is also important to immediately restore lost elements of the dentition using implants or “bridges.”
